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Risk assessment of glycoalkaloids in feed and food, in particular in potatoes and potato‐derived products

The European Commission asked EFSA for a scientific opinion on the risks for animal and human health related to the presence of glycoalkaloids (GAs) in feed and food. This risk assessment covers edible parts of potato plants and other food plants containing GAs, in particular, tomato and aubergine....

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Autores principales: Schrenk, Dieter, Bignami, Margherita, Bodin, Laurent, Chipman, James Kevin, del Mazo, Jesús, Hogstrand, Christer, Hoogenboom, Laurentius (Ron), Leblanc, Jean‐Charles, Nebbia, Carlo Stefano, Nielsen, Elsa, Ntzani, Evangelia, Petersen, Annette, Sand, Salomon, Schwerdtle, Tanja, Vleminckx, Christiane, Wallace, Heather, Brimer, Leon, Cottrill, Bruce, Dusemund, Birgit, Mulder, Patrick, Vollmer, Günter, Binaglia, Marco, Ramos Bordajandi, Luisa, Riolo, Francesca, Roldán‐Torres, Ruth, Grasl‐Kraupp, Bettina
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7417869/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32788943
http://dx.doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2020.6222
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author Schrenk, Dieter
Bignami, Margherita
Bodin, Laurent
Chipman, James Kevin
del Mazo, Jesús
Hogstrand, Christer
Hoogenboom, Laurentius (Ron)
Leblanc, Jean‐Charles
Nebbia, Carlo Stefano
Nielsen, Elsa
Ntzani, Evangelia
Petersen, Annette
Sand, Salomon
Schwerdtle, Tanja
Vleminckx, Christiane
Wallace, Heather
Brimer, Leon
Cottrill, Bruce
Dusemund, Birgit
Mulder, Patrick
Vollmer, Günter
Binaglia, Marco
Ramos Bordajandi, Luisa
Riolo, Francesca
Roldán‐Torres, Ruth
Grasl‐Kraupp, Bettina
author_facet Schrenk, Dieter
Bignami, Margherita
Bodin, Laurent
Chipman, James Kevin
del Mazo, Jesús
Hogstrand, Christer
Hoogenboom, Laurentius (Ron)
Leblanc, Jean‐Charles
Nebbia, Carlo Stefano
Nielsen, Elsa
Ntzani, Evangelia
Petersen, Annette
Sand, Salomon
Schwerdtle, Tanja
Vleminckx, Christiane
Wallace, Heather
Brimer, Leon
Cottrill, Bruce
Dusemund, Birgit
Mulder, Patrick
Vollmer, Günter
Binaglia, Marco
Ramos Bordajandi, Luisa
Riolo, Francesca
Roldán‐Torres, Ruth
Grasl‐Kraupp, Bettina
collection PubMed
description The European Commission asked EFSA for a scientific opinion on the risks for animal and human health related to the presence of glycoalkaloids (GAs) in feed and food. This risk assessment covers edible parts of potato plants and other food plants containing GAs, in particular, tomato and aubergine. In humans, acute toxic effects of potato GAs (α‐solanine and α‐chaconine) include gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea. For these effects, the CONTAM Panel identified a lowest‐observed‐adverse‐effect level of 1 mg total potato GAs/kg body weight (bw) per day as a reference point for the risk characterisation following acute exposure. In humans, no evidence of health problems associated with repeated or long‐term intake of GAs via potatoes has been identified. No reference point for chronic exposure could be identified from the experimental animal studies. Occurrence data were available only for α‐solanine and α‐chaconine, mostly for potatoes. The acute dietary exposure to potato GAs was estimated using a probabilistic approach and applying processing factors for food. Due to the limited data available, a margin of exposure (MOE) approach was applied. The MOEs for the younger age groups indicate a health concern for the food consumption surveys with the highest mean exposure, as well as for the P95 exposure in all surveys. For adult age groups, the MOEs indicate a health concern only for the food consumption surveys with the highest P95 exposures. For tomato and aubergine GAs, the risk to human health could not be characterised due to the lack of occurrence data and the limited toxicity data. For horses, farm and companion animals, no risk characterisation for potato GAs could be performed due to insufficient data on occurrence in feed and on potential adverse effects of GAs in these species.
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spelling pubmed-74178692020-08-11 Risk assessment of glycoalkaloids in feed and food, in particular in potatoes and potato‐derived products Schrenk, Dieter Bignami, Margherita Bodin, Laurent Chipman, James Kevin del Mazo, Jesús Hogstrand, Christer Hoogenboom, Laurentius (Ron) Leblanc, Jean‐Charles Nebbia, Carlo Stefano Nielsen, Elsa Ntzani, Evangelia Petersen, Annette Sand, Salomon Schwerdtle, Tanja Vleminckx, Christiane Wallace, Heather Brimer, Leon Cottrill, Bruce Dusemund, Birgit Mulder, Patrick Vollmer, Günter Binaglia, Marco Ramos Bordajandi, Luisa Riolo, Francesca Roldán‐Torres, Ruth Grasl‐Kraupp, Bettina EFSA J Scientific Opinion The European Commission asked EFSA for a scientific opinion on the risks for animal and human health related to the presence of glycoalkaloids (GAs) in feed and food. This risk assessment covers edible parts of potato plants and other food plants containing GAs, in particular, tomato and aubergine. In humans, acute toxic effects of potato GAs (α‐solanine and α‐chaconine) include gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea. For these effects, the CONTAM Panel identified a lowest‐observed‐adverse‐effect level of 1 mg total potato GAs/kg body weight (bw) per day as a reference point for the risk characterisation following acute exposure. In humans, no evidence of health problems associated with repeated or long‐term intake of GAs via potatoes has been identified. No reference point for chronic exposure could be identified from the experimental animal studies. Occurrence data were available only for α‐solanine and α‐chaconine, mostly for potatoes. The acute dietary exposure to potato GAs was estimated using a probabilistic approach and applying processing factors for food. Due to the limited data available, a margin of exposure (MOE) approach was applied. The MOEs for the younger age groups indicate a health concern for the food consumption surveys with the highest mean exposure, as well as for the P95 exposure in all surveys. For adult age groups, the MOEs indicate a health concern only for the food consumption surveys with the highest P95 exposures. For tomato and aubergine GAs, the risk to human health could not be characterised due to the lack of occurrence data and the limited toxicity data. For horses, farm and companion animals, no risk characterisation for potato GAs could be performed due to insufficient data on occurrence in feed and on potential adverse effects of GAs in these species. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2020-08-11 /pmc/articles/PMC7417869/ /pubmed/32788943 http://dx.doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2020.6222 Text en © 2020 European Food Safety Authority. EFSA Journal published by John Wiley and Sons Ltd on behalf of European Food Safety Authority. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/ License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and no modifications or adaptations are made.
spellingShingle Scientific Opinion
Schrenk, Dieter
Bignami, Margherita
Bodin, Laurent
Chipman, James Kevin
del Mazo, Jesús
Hogstrand, Christer
Hoogenboom, Laurentius (Ron)
Leblanc, Jean‐Charles
Nebbia, Carlo Stefano
Nielsen, Elsa
Ntzani, Evangelia
Petersen, Annette
Sand, Salomon
Schwerdtle, Tanja
Vleminckx, Christiane
Wallace, Heather
Brimer, Leon
Cottrill, Bruce
Dusemund, Birgit
Mulder, Patrick
Vollmer, Günter
Binaglia, Marco
Ramos Bordajandi, Luisa
Riolo, Francesca
Roldán‐Torres, Ruth
Grasl‐Kraupp, Bettina
Risk assessment of glycoalkaloids in feed and food, in particular in potatoes and potato‐derived products
title Risk assessment of glycoalkaloids in feed and food, in particular in potatoes and potato‐derived products
title_full Risk assessment of glycoalkaloids in feed and food, in particular in potatoes and potato‐derived products
title_fullStr Risk assessment of glycoalkaloids in feed and food, in particular in potatoes and potato‐derived products
title_full_unstemmed Risk assessment of glycoalkaloids in feed and food, in particular in potatoes and potato‐derived products
title_short Risk assessment of glycoalkaloids in feed and food, in particular in potatoes and potato‐derived products
title_sort risk assessment of glycoalkaloids in feed and food, in particular in potatoes and potato‐derived products
topic Scientific Opinion
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7417869/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32788943
http://dx.doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2020.6222
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