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Network Analyses of Maternal Pre- and Post-Partum Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety
BACKGROUND: Maternal mental health problems often develop prenatally and predict post-partum mental health. However, the circumstances before and following childbirth differ considerably. We currently lack an understanding of dynamic variation in the profiles of depressive and anxiety symptoms over...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7424069/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32848949 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00785 |
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author | Phua, Desiree Y. Chen, Helen Chong, Yap Seng Gluckman, Peter D. Broekman, Birit F. P. Meaney, Michael J. |
author_facet | Phua, Desiree Y. Chen, Helen Chong, Yap Seng Gluckman, Peter D. Broekman, Birit F. P. Meaney, Michael J. |
author_sort | Phua, Desiree Y. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Maternal mental health problems often develop prenatally and predict post-partum mental health. However, the circumstances before and following childbirth differ considerably. We currently lack an understanding of dynamic variation in the profiles of depressive and anxiety symptoms over the perinatal period. METHODS: Depressive and anxiety symptoms were self-reported by 980 women at 26-week pregnancy and 3 months post-partum. We used network analysis of depressive and anxiety symptoms to investigate if the symptoms network changed during and after pregnancy. The pre- and post-partum depressive-anxiety symptom networks were assessed for changes in structure, unique symptom-symptom interactions, central and bridging symptoms. We also assessed if central symptoms had stronger predictive effect on offspring’s developmental outcomes outcomes at birth and 24, 54, and 72 months old than non-central symptoms. Bridging symptoms between negative and positive mental health were also assessed. RESULTS: Though the depressive-anxiety network structures were stable during and after pregnancy, the post-partum network was more strongly connected. The central depressive-anxiety symptoms were also different between prenatal and post-partum networks. During pregnancy, central symptoms were mostly related to feeling worthless or useless; after pregnancy, central symptoms were mostly related to feeling overwhelmed or being punished. Central symptoms during pregnancy were associated with poorer developmental outcomes for the child. Anxiety symptoms were strongest bridging symptoms during and after pregnancy. The interactions between negative and positive mental health symptoms were also different during and after pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: The differences between pre- and post-partum networks suggest that the presentation of maternal mental health problems varies over the peripartum period. This variation is not captured by traditional symptom scale scores. The bridging symptoms also suggest that anxiety symptoms may precede the development of maternal depression. Interventions and public health policies should thus be tailored to specific pre- and post-partum symptom profiles. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7424069 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-74240692020-08-25 Network Analyses of Maternal Pre- and Post-Partum Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety Phua, Desiree Y. Chen, Helen Chong, Yap Seng Gluckman, Peter D. Broekman, Birit F. P. Meaney, Michael J. Front Psychiatry Psychiatry BACKGROUND: Maternal mental health problems often develop prenatally and predict post-partum mental health. However, the circumstances before and following childbirth differ considerably. We currently lack an understanding of dynamic variation in the profiles of depressive and anxiety symptoms over the perinatal period. METHODS: Depressive and anxiety symptoms were self-reported by 980 women at 26-week pregnancy and 3 months post-partum. We used network analysis of depressive and anxiety symptoms to investigate if the symptoms network changed during and after pregnancy. The pre- and post-partum depressive-anxiety symptom networks were assessed for changes in structure, unique symptom-symptom interactions, central and bridging symptoms. We also assessed if central symptoms had stronger predictive effect on offspring’s developmental outcomes outcomes at birth and 24, 54, and 72 months old than non-central symptoms. Bridging symptoms between negative and positive mental health were also assessed. RESULTS: Though the depressive-anxiety network structures were stable during and after pregnancy, the post-partum network was more strongly connected. The central depressive-anxiety symptoms were also different between prenatal and post-partum networks. During pregnancy, central symptoms were mostly related to feeling worthless or useless; after pregnancy, central symptoms were mostly related to feeling overwhelmed or being punished. Central symptoms during pregnancy were associated with poorer developmental outcomes for the child. Anxiety symptoms were strongest bridging symptoms during and after pregnancy. The interactions between negative and positive mental health symptoms were also different during and after pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: The differences between pre- and post-partum networks suggest that the presentation of maternal mental health problems varies over the peripartum period. This variation is not captured by traditional symptom scale scores. The bridging symptoms also suggest that anxiety symptoms may precede the development of maternal depression. Interventions and public health policies should thus be tailored to specific pre- and post-partum symptom profiles. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-08-06 /pmc/articles/PMC7424069/ /pubmed/32848949 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00785 Text en Copyright © 2020 Phua, Chen, Chong, Gluckman, Broekman and Meaney http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Psychiatry Phua, Desiree Y. Chen, Helen Chong, Yap Seng Gluckman, Peter D. Broekman, Birit F. P. Meaney, Michael J. Network Analyses of Maternal Pre- and Post-Partum Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety |
title | Network Analyses of Maternal Pre- and Post-Partum Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety |
title_full | Network Analyses of Maternal Pre- and Post-Partum Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety |
title_fullStr | Network Analyses of Maternal Pre- and Post-Partum Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety |
title_full_unstemmed | Network Analyses of Maternal Pre- and Post-Partum Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety |
title_short | Network Analyses of Maternal Pre- and Post-Partum Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety |
title_sort | network analyses of maternal pre- and post-partum symptoms of depression and anxiety |
topic | Psychiatry |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7424069/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32848949 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00785 |
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