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The Effects of Alpha-Linolenic Acid on the Secretory Activity of Astrocytes and β Amyloid-Associated Neurodegeneration in Differentiated SH-SY5Y Cells: Alpha-Linolenic Acid Protects the SH-SY5Y cells against β Amyloid Toxicity

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder. Amyloid β- (Aβ-) induced mitochondrial dysfunction may be a primary process triggering all the cascades of events that lead to AD. Therefore, identification of natural factors and endogenous mechanisms that protect neurons...

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Autores principales: Litwiniuk, Anna, Domańska, Anita, Chmielowska, Magdalena, Martyńska, Lidia, Bik, Wojciech, Kalisz, Małgorzata
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7428942/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32832007
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8908901
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author Litwiniuk, Anna
Domańska, Anita
Chmielowska, Magdalena
Martyńska, Lidia
Bik, Wojciech
Kalisz, Małgorzata
author_facet Litwiniuk, Anna
Domańska, Anita
Chmielowska, Magdalena
Martyńska, Lidia
Bik, Wojciech
Kalisz, Małgorzata
author_sort Litwiniuk, Anna
collection PubMed
description Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder. Amyloid β- (Aβ-) induced mitochondrial dysfunction may be a primary process triggering all the cascades of events that lead to AD. Therefore, identification of natural factors and endogenous mechanisms that protect neurons against Aβ toxicity is needed. In the current study, we investigated whether alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), as a natural product, would increase insulin and IGF-I (insulin-like growth factor I) release from astrocytes. Moreover, we explored the protective effect of astrocytes-derived insulin/IGF-I on Aβ-induced neurotoxicity, with special attention paid to their impact on mitochondrial function of differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. The results showed that ALA induced insulin and IGF-I secretion from astrocytes. Our findings demonstrated that astrocyte-derived insulin/insulin-like growth factor I protects differentiated SH-SY5Y cells against Aβ(1-42)-induced cell death. Moreover, pretreatment with conditioned medium (CM) and ALA-preactivated CM (ALA-CM) protected the SH-SY5Y cells against Aβ(1-42)-induced mitochondrial dysfunction by reducing the depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane, increasing mitochondrial biogenesis, restoring the balance between fusion and fission processes, and regulation of mitophagy and autophagy processes. Our study suggested that astrocyte-derived insulin/insulin-like growth factor I suppresses Aβ(1-42)-induced cytotoxicity in the SH-SY5Y cells by protecting against mitochondrial dysfunction. Moreover, the neuroprotective effects of CM were intensified by preactivation with ALA.
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spelling pubmed-74289422020-08-20 The Effects of Alpha-Linolenic Acid on the Secretory Activity of Astrocytes and β Amyloid-Associated Neurodegeneration in Differentiated SH-SY5Y Cells: Alpha-Linolenic Acid Protects the SH-SY5Y cells against β Amyloid Toxicity Litwiniuk, Anna Domańska, Anita Chmielowska, Magdalena Martyńska, Lidia Bik, Wojciech Kalisz, Małgorzata Oxid Med Cell Longev Research Article Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder. Amyloid β- (Aβ-) induced mitochondrial dysfunction may be a primary process triggering all the cascades of events that lead to AD. Therefore, identification of natural factors and endogenous mechanisms that protect neurons against Aβ toxicity is needed. In the current study, we investigated whether alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), as a natural product, would increase insulin and IGF-I (insulin-like growth factor I) release from astrocytes. Moreover, we explored the protective effect of astrocytes-derived insulin/IGF-I on Aβ-induced neurotoxicity, with special attention paid to their impact on mitochondrial function of differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. The results showed that ALA induced insulin and IGF-I secretion from astrocytes. Our findings demonstrated that astrocyte-derived insulin/insulin-like growth factor I protects differentiated SH-SY5Y cells against Aβ(1-42)-induced cell death. Moreover, pretreatment with conditioned medium (CM) and ALA-preactivated CM (ALA-CM) protected the SH-SY5Y cells against Aβ(1-42)-induced mitochondrial dysfunction by reducing the depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane, increasing mitochondrial biogenesis, restoring the balance between fusion and fission processes, and regulation of mitophagy and autophagy processes. Our study suggested that astrocyte-derived insulin/insulin-like growth factor I suppresses Aβ(1-42)-induced cytotoxicity in the SH-SY5Y cells by protecting against mitochondrial dysfunction. Moreover, the neuroprotective effects of CM were intensified by preactivation with ALA. Hindawi 2020-08-05 /pmc/articles/PMC7428942/ /pubmed/32832007 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8908901 Text en Copyright © 2020 Anna Litwiniuk et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Litwiniuk, Anna
Domańska, Anita
Chmielowska, Magdalena
Martyńska, Lidia
Bik, Wojciech
Kalisz, Małgorzata
The Effects of Alpha-Linolenic Acid on the Secretory Activity of Astrocytes and β Amyloid-Associated Neurodegeneration in Differentiated SH-SY5Y Cells: Alpha-Linolenic Acid Protects the SH-SY5Y cells against β Amyloid Toxicity
title The Effects of Alpha-Linolenic Acid on the Secretory Activity of Astrocytes and β Amyloid-Associated Neurodegeneration in Differentiated SH-SY5Y Cells: Alpha-Linolenic Acid Protects the SH-SY5Y cells against β Amyloid Toxicity
title_full The Effects of Alpha-Linolenic Acid on the Secretory Activity of Astrocytes and β Amyloid-Associated Neurodegeneration in Differentiated SH-SY5Y Cells: Alpha-Linolenic Acid Protects the SH-SY5Y cells against β Amyloid Toxicity
title_fullStr The Effects of Alpha-Linolenic Acid on the Secretory Activity of Astrocytes and β Amyloid-Associated Neurodegeneration in Differentiated SH-SY5Y Cells: Alpha-Linolenic Acid Protects the SH-SY5Y cells against β Amyloid Toxicity
title_full_unstemmed The Effects of Alpha-Linolenic Acid on the Secretory Activity of Astrocytes and β Amyloid-Associated Neurodegeneration in Differentiated SH-SY5Y Cells: Alpha-Linolenic Acid Protects the SH-SY5Y cells against β Amyloid Toxicity
title_short The Effects of Alpha-Linolenic Acid on the Secretory Activity of Astrocytes and β Amyloid-Associated Neurodegeneration in Differentiated SH-SY5Y Cells: Alpha-Linolenic Acid Protects the SH-SY5Y cells against β Amyloid Toxicity
title_sort effects of alpha-linolenic acid on the secretory activity of astrocytes and β amyloid-associated neurodegeneration in differentiated sh-sy5y cells: alpha-linolenic acid protects the sh-sy5y cells against β amyloid toxicity
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7428942/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32832007
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8908901
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