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Characterizing SARS-CoV-2 mutations in the United States
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been mutating since it was first sequenced in early January 2020. The genetic variants have developed into a few distinct clusters with different properties. Since the United States (US) has the highest number of viral infected pat...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
American Journal Experts
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7430589/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32818213 http://dx.doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-49671/v1 |
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author | Wang, Rui Chen, Jiahui Gao, Kaifu Hozumi, Yuta Yin, Changchuan Wei, Guo-Wei |
author_facet | Wang, Rui Chen, Jiahui Gao, Kaifu Hozumi, Yuta Yin, Changchuan Wei, Guo-Wei |
author_sort | Wang, Rui |
collection | PubMed |
description | The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been mutating since it was first sequenced in early January 2020. The genetic variants have developed into a few distinct clusters with different properties. Since the United States (US) has the highest number of viral infected patients globally, it is essential to understand the US SARS-CoV-2. Using genotyping, sequence-alignment, time-evolution, k-means clustering, protein-folding stability, algebraic topology, and network theory, we reveal that the US SARS-CoV-2 has four substrains and five top US SARS-CoV-2 mutations were first detected in China (2 cases), Singapore (2 cases), and the United Kingdom (1 case). The next three top US SARS-CoV-2 mutations were first detected in the US. These eight top mutations belong to two disconnected groups. The first group consisting of 5 concurrent mutations is prevailing, while the other group with three concurrent mutations gradually fades out. Our analysis suggests that female immune systems are more active than those of males in responding to SARS-CoV-2 infections. We identify that one of the top mutations, 27964C>T-(S24L) on ORF8, has an unusually strong gender dependence. Based on the analysis of all mutations on the spike protein, we further uncover that three of four US SASR-CoV-2 substrains become more infectious. Our study calls for effective viral control and containing strategies in the US. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7430589 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | American Journal Experts |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-74305892020-08-18 Characterizing SARS-CoV-2 mutations in the United States Wang, Rui Chen, Jiahui Gao, Kaifu Hozumi, Yuta Yin, Changchuan Wei, Guo-Wei Res Sq Article The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been mutating since it was first sequenced in early January 2020. The genetic variants have developed into a few distinct clusters with different properties. Since the United States (US) has the highest number of viral infected patients globally, it is essential to understand the US SARS-CoV-2. Using genotyping, sequence-alignment, time-evolution, k-means clustering, protein-folding stability, algebraic topology, and network theory, we reveal that the US SARS-CoV-2 has four substrains and five top US SARS-CoV-2 mutations were first detected in China (2 cases), Singapore (2 cases), and the United Kingdom (1 case). The next three top US SARS-CoV-2 mutations were first detected in the US. These eight top mutations belong to two disconnected groups. The first group consisting of 5 concurrent mutations is prevailing, while the other group with three concurrent mutations gradually fades out. Our analysis suggests that female immune systems are more active than those of males in responding to SARS-CoV-2 infections. We identify that one of the top mutations, 27964C>T-(S24L) on ORF8, has an unusually strong gender dependence. Based on the analysis of all mutations on the spike protein, we further uncover that three of four US SASR-CoV-2 substrains become more infectious. Our study calls for effective viral control and containing strategies in the US. American Journal Experts 2020-08-11 /pmc/articles/PMC7430589/ /pubmed/32818213 http://dx.doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-49671/v1 Text en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which allows reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format, so long as attribution is given to the creator. The license allows for commercial use. |
spellingShingle | Article Wang, Rui Chen, Jiahui Gao, Kaifu Hozumi, Yuta Yin, Changchuan Wei, Guo-Wei Characterizing SARS-CoV-2 mutations in the United States |
title | Characterizing SARS-CoV-2 mutations in the United States |
title_full | Characterizing SARS-CoV-2 mutations in the United States |
title_fullStr | Characterizing SARS-CoV-2 mutations in the United States |
title_full_unstemmed | Characterizing SARS-CoV-2 mutations in the United States |
title_short | Characterizing SARS-CoV-2 mutations in the United States |
title_sort | characterizing sars-cov-2 mutations in the united states |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7430589/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32818213 http://dx.doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-49671/v1 |
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