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The motherhood penalty and The fatherhood premium in employment during covid-19: evidence from The united states
In this paper, we present evidence from the Current Population Survey examining the effects of the COVID-19 crisis on parental status and gender inequalities in employment in the United States. We show that the drop in the employment rate in post-outbreak months was largely driven by mass layoffs an...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier Ltd.
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7431363/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32834347 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rssm.2020.100542 |
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author | Dias, Felipe A. Chance, Joseph Buchanan, Arianna |
author_facet | Dias, Felipe A. Chance, Joseph Buchanan, Arianna |
author_sort | Dias, Felipe A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | In this paper, we present evidence from the Current Population Survey examining the effects of the COVID-19 crisis on parental status and gender inequalities in employment in the United States. We show that the drop in the employment rate in post-outbreak months was largely driven by mass layoffs and not by workers quitting their jobs. Results from fixed-effects regression models show a strong fatherhood premium in the likelihood of being laid off for post-outbreak months compared to mothers, men without children, and women without children. We also found that the “fatherhood premium” was higher among lower-educated and mid-educated workers. These findings show that gaps in layoff rates exacerbated pre-existing forms of parental status and gender inequality in employment. Possible mechanisms are discussed, but more work is needed to explain why employers were less likely to lay off fathers following the outbreak, and the short- and long-term consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic in reinforcing parental status and gender inequality in employment in the United States. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7431363 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Elsevier Ltd. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-74313632020-08-18 The motherhood penalty and The fatherhood premium in employment during covid-19: evidence from The united states Dias, Felipe A. Chance, Joseph Buchanan, Arianna Res Soc Stratif Mobil Article In this paper, we present evidence from the Current Population Survey examining the effects of the COVID-19 crisis on parental status and gender inequalities in employment in the United States. We show that the drop in the employment rate in post-outbreak months was largely driven by mass layoffs and not by workers quitting their jobs. Results from fixed-effects regression models show a strong fatherhood premium in the likelihood of being laid off for post-outbreak months compared to mothers, men without children, and women without children. We also found that the “fatherhood premium” was higher among lower-educated and mid-educated workers. These findings show that gaps in layoff rates exacerbated pre-existing forms of parental status and gender inequality in employment. Possible mechanisms are discussed, but more work is needed to explain why employers were less likely to lay off fathers following the outbreak, and the short- and long-term consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic in reinforcing parental status and gender inequality in employment in the United States. Elsevier Ltd. 2020-10 2020-08-18 /pmc/articles/PMC7431363/ /pubmed/32834347 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rssm.2020.100542 Text en © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active. |
spellingShingle | Article Dias, Felipe A. Chance, Joseph Buchanan, Arianna The motherhood penalty and The fatherhood premium in employment during covid-19: evidence from The united states |
title | The motherhood penalty and The fatherhood premium in employment during covid-19: evidence from The united states |
title_full | The motherhood penalty and The fatherhood premium in employment during covid-19: evidence from The united states |
title_fullStr | The motherhood penalty and The fatherhood premium in employment during covid-19: evidence from The united states |
title_full_unstemmed | The motherhood penalty and The fatherhood premium in employment during covid-19: evidence from The united states |
title_short | The motherhood penalty and The fatherhood premium in employment during covid-19: evidence from The united states |
title_sort | motherhood penalty and the fatherhood premium in employment during covid-19: evidence from the united states |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7431363/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32834347 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rssm.2020.100542 |
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