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Nucleus Accumbens Fast-spiking Interneurons in Motivational and Addictive Behaviors

The development of drug addiction is associated with functional adaptations within the reward circuitry, within which the nucleus accumbens (NAc) is anatomically positioned as an interface between motivational salience and behavioral output. The functional output of NAc is profoundly altered after e...

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Autores principales: Schall, Terra A., Wright, William J., Dong, Yan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7431371/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32071384
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41380-020-0683-y
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author Schall, Terra A.
Wright, William J.
Dong, Yan
author_facet Schall, Terra A.
Wright, William J.
Dong, Yan
author_sort Schall, Terra A.
collection PubMed
description The development of drug addiction is associated with functional adaptations within the reward circuitry, within which the nucleus accumbens (NAc) is anatomically positioned as an interface between motivational salience and behavioral output. The functional output of NAc is profoundly altered after exposure to drugs of abuse, and some of the functional changes continue to evolve during drug abstinence, contributing to numerous emotional and motivational alterations related drug taking, seeking, and relapse. As in most brain regions, the functional output of NAc is critically dependent on the dynamic interaction between excitation and inhibition. One of the most prominent sources of inhibition within the NAc arises from fast-spiking interneurons (FSIs). Each NAc FSI innervates hundreds of principal neurons, and orchestrates population activity through its powerful and sustained feedforward inhibition. While the role of NAc FSIs in the context of drug addiction remains poorly understood, emerging evidence suggests that FSIs and FSI-mediated local circuits are key targets for drugs of abuse to tilt the functional output of NAc toward a motivational state favoring drug seeking and relapse. In this review, we discuss recent findings and our conceptualization about NAc FSI-mediated regulation of motivated and cocaine-induced behaviors. We hope that the conceptual framework proposed in this review may provide a useful guidance for ongoing and future studies to determine how FSIs influence the function of NAc and related reward circuits, ultimately leading to addictive behaviors.
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spelling pubmed-74313712021-01-22 Nucleus Accumbens Fast-spiking Interneurons in Motivational and Addictive Behaviors Schall, Terra A. Wright, William J. Dong, Yan Mol Psychiatry Article The development of drug addiction is associated with functional adaptations within the reward circuitry, within which the nucleus accumbens (NAc) is anatomically positioned as an interface between motivational salience and behavioral output. The functional output of NAc is profoundly altered after exposure to drugs of abuse, and some of the functional changes continue to evolve during drug abstinence, contributing to numerous emotional and motivational alterations related drug taking, seeking, and relapse. As in most brain regions, the functional output of NAc is critically dependent on the dynamic interaction between excitation and inhibition. One of the most prominent sources of inhibition within the NAc arises from fast-spiking interneurons (FSIs). Each NAc FSI innervates hundreds of principal neurons, and orchestrates population activity through its powerful and sustained feedforward inhibition. While the role of NAc FSIs in the context of drug addiction remains poorly understood, emerging evidence suggests that FSIs and FSI-mediated local circuits are key targets for drugs of abuse to tilt the functional output of NAc toward a motivational state favoring drug seeking and relapse. In this review, we discuss recent findings and our conceptualization about NAc FSI-mediated regulation of motivated and cocaine-induced behaviors. We hope that the conceptual framework proposed in this review may provide a useful guidance for ongoing and future studies to determine how FSIs influence the function of NAc and related reward circuits, ultimately leading to addictive behaviors. 2020-02-18 2021-01 /pmc/articles/PMC7431371/ /pubmed/32071384 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41380-020-0683-y Text en Users may view, print, copy, and download text and data-mine the content in such documents, for the purposes of academic research, subject always to the full Conditions of use:http://www.nature.com/authors/editorial_policies/license.html#terms
spellingShingle Article
Schall, Terra A.
Wright, William J.
Dong, Yan
Nucleus Accumbens Fast-spiking Interneurons in Motivational and Addictive Behaviors
title Nucleus Accumbens Fast-spiking Interneurons in Motivational and Addictive Behaviors
title_full Nucleus Accumbens Fast-spiking Interneurons in Motivational and Addictive Behaviors
title_fullStr Nucleus Accumbens Fast-spiking Interneurons in Motivational and Addictive Behaviors
title_full_unstemmed Nucleus Accumbens Fast-spiking Interneurons in Motivational and Addictive Behaviors
title_short Nucleus Accumbens Fast-spiking Interneurons in Motivational and Addictive Behaviors
title_sort nucleus accumbens fast-spiking interneurons in motivational and addictive behaviors
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7431371/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32071384
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41380-020-0683-y
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