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The Feasibility of Host Transcriptome Profiling as a Diagnostic Tool for Microbial Etiology in Childhood Cancer Patients with Febrile Neutropenia

Infection is a common and serious complication of cancer treatment in children that often presents as febrile neutropenia (FN). Gene-expression profiling techniques can reveal transcriptional signatures that discriminate between viral, bacterial and asymptomatic infections in otherwise healthy child...

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Autores principales: Wahlund, Martina, Sinha, Indranil, Broliden, Kristina, Saghafian-Hedengren, Shanie, Nilsson, Anna, Berggren, Anna
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7432212/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32722616
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21155305
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author Wahlund, Martina
Sinha, Indranil
Broliden, Kristina
Saghafian-Hedengren, Shanie
Nilsson, Anna
Berggren, Anna
author_facet Wahlund, Martina
Sinha, Indranil
Broliden, Kristina
Saghafian-Hedengren, Shanie
Nilsson, Anna
Berggren, Anna
author_sort Wahlund, Martina
collection PubMed
description Infection is a common and serious complication of cancer treatment in children that often presents as febrile neutropenia (FN). Gene-expression profiling techniques can reveal transcriptional signatures that discriminate between viral, bacterial and asymptomatic infections in otherwise healthy children. Here, we examined whether gene-expression profiling was feasible in children with FN who were undergoing cancer treatment. The blood transcriptome of the children (n = 63) was investigated at time of FN diagnosed as viral, bacterial, co-infection or unknown etiology, respectively, and compared to control samples derived from 12 of the patients following the FN episode. RNA sequencing was successful in 43 (68%) of the FN episodes. Only two genes were significantly differentially expressed in the bacterial versus the control group. Significantly up-regulated genes in patients with the other three etiologies versus the control group were enriched with cellular processes related to proliferation and cellular stress response, with no clear enrichment with innate responses to pathogens. Among the significantly down-regulated genes, a few clustered into pathways connected to responses to infection. In the present study of children during cancer treatment, the blood transcriptome was not suitable for determining the etiology of FN because of too few circulating immune cells for reliable gene expression analysis.
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spelling pubmed-74322122020-08-24 The Feasibility of Host Transcriptome Profiling as a Diagnostic Tool for Microbial Etiology in Childhood Cancer Patients with Febrile Neutropenia Wahlund, Martina Sinha, Indranil Broliden, Kristina Saghafian-Hedengren, Shanie Nilsson, Anna Berggren, Anna Int J Mol Sci Article Infection is a common and serious complication of cancer treatment in children that often presents as febrile neutropenia (FN). Gene-expression profiling techniques can reveal transcriptional signatures that discriminate between viral, bacterial and asymptomatic infections in otherwise healthy children. Here, we examined whether gene-expression profiling was feasible in children with FN who were undergoing cancer treatment. The blood transcriptome of the children (n = 63) was investigated at time of FN diagnosed as viral, bacterial, co-infection or unknown etiology, respectively, and compared to control samples derived from 12 of the patients following the FN episode. RNA sequencing was successful in 43 (68%) of the FN episodes. Only two genes were significantly differentially expressed in the bacterial versus the control group. Significantly up-regulated genes in patients with the other three etiologies versus the control group were enriched with cellular processes related to proliferation and cellular stress response, with no clear enrichment with innate responses to pathogens. Among the significantly down-regulated genes, a few clustered into pathways connected to responses to infection. In the present study of children during cancer treatment, the blood transcriptome was not suitable for determining the etiology of FN because of too few circulating immune cells for reliable gene expression analysis. MDPI 2020-07-26 /pmc/articles/PMC7432212/ /pubmed/32722616 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21155305 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Wahlund, Martina
Sinha, Indranil
Broliden, Kristina
Saghafian-Hedengren, Shanie
Nilsson, Anna
Berggren, Anna
The Feasibility of Host Transcriptome Profiling as a Diagnostic Tool for Microbial Etiology in Childhood Cancer Patients with Febrile Neutropenia
title The Feasibility of Host Transcriptome Profiling as a Diagnostic Tool for Microbial Etiology in Childhood Cancer Patients with Febrile Neutropenia
title_full The Feasibility of Host Transcriptome Profiling as a Diagnostic Tool for Microbial Etiology in Childhood Cancer Patients with Febrile Neutropenia
title_fullStr The Feasibility of Host Transcriptome Profiling as a Diagnostic Tool for Microbial Etiology in Childhood Cancer Patients with Febrile Neutropenia
title_full_unstemmed The Feasibility of Host Transcriptome Profiling as a Diagnostic Tool for Microbial Etiology in Childhood Cancer Patients with Febrile Neutropenia
title_short The Feasibility of Host Transcriptome Profiling as a Diagnostic Tool for Microbial Etiology in Childhood Cancer Patients with Febrile Neutropenia
title_sort feasibility of host transcriptome profiling as a diagnostic tool for microbial etiology in childhood cancer patients with febrile neutropenia
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7432212/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32722616
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21155305
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