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The Effector Repertoire of the Hop Downy Mildew Pathogen Pseudoperonospora humuli

Pseudoperonospora humuli is an obligate biotrophic oomycete that causes downy mildew (DM), one of the most destructive diseases of cultivated hop that can lead to 100% crop loss in susceptible cultivars. We used the published genome of P. humuli to predict the secretome and effectorome and analyze t...

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Autores principales: Purayannur, Savithri, Cano, Liliana M., Bowman, Megan J., Childs, Kevin L., Gent, David H., Quesada-Ocampo, Lina M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7432248/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32849854
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2020.00910
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author Purayannur, Savithri
Cano, Liliana M.
Bowman, Megan J.
Childs, Kevin L.
Gent, David H.
Quesada-Ocampo, Lina M.
author_facet Purayannur, Savithri
Cano, Liliana M.
Bowman, Megan J.
Childs, Kevin L.
Gent, David H.
Quesada-Ocampo, Lina M.
author_sort Purayannur, Savithri
collection PubMed
description Pseudoperonospora humuli is an obligate biotrophic oomycete that causes downy mildew (DM), one of the most destructive diseases of cultivated hop that can lead to 100% crop loss in susceptible cultivars. We used the published genome of P. humuli to predict the secretome and effectorome and analyze the transcriptome variation among diverse isolates and during infection of hop leaves. Mining the predicted coding genes of the sequenced isolate OR502AA of P. humuli revealed a secretome of 1,250 genes. We identified 296 RXLR and RXLR-like effector-encoding genes in the secretome. Among the predicted RXLRs, there were several WY-motif-containing effectors that lacked canonical RXLR domains. Transcriptome analysis of sporangia from 12 different isolates collected from various hop cultivars revealed 754 secreted proteins and 201 RXLR effectors that showed transcript evidence across all isolates with reads per kilobase million (RPKM) values > 0. RNA-seq analysis of OR502AA-infected hop leaf samples at different time points after infection revealed highly expressed effectors that may play a relevant role in pathogenicity. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis confirmed the differential expression of selected effectors. We identified a set of P. humuli core effectors that showed transcript evidence in all tested isolates and elevated expression during infection. These effectors are ideal candidates for functional analysis and effector-assisted breeding to develop DM resistant hop cultivars.
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spelling pubmed-74322482020-08-25 The Effector Repertoire of the Hop Downy Mildew Pathogen Pseudoperonospora humuli Purayannur, Savithri Cano, Liliana M. Bowman, Megan J. Childs, Kevin L. Gent, David H. Quesada-Ocampo, Lina M. Front Genet Genetics Pseudoperonospora humuli is an obligate biotrophic oomycete that causes downy mildew (DM), one of the most destructive diseases of cultivated hop that can lead to 100% crop loss in susceptible cultivars. We used the published genome of P. humuli to predict the secretome and effectorome and analyze the transcriptome variation among diverse isolates and during infection of hop leaves. Mining the predicted coding genes of the sequenced isolate OR502AA of P. humuli revealed a secretome of 1,250 genes. We identified 296 RXLR and RXLR-like effector-encoding genes in the secretome. Among the predicted RXLRs, there were several WY-motif-containing effectors that lacked canonical RXLR domains. Transcriptome analysis of sporangia from 12 different isolates collected from various hop cultivars revealed 754 secreted proteins and 201 RXLR effectors that showed transcript evidence across all isolates with reads per kilobase million (RPKM) values > 0. RNA-seq analysis of OR502AA-infected hop leaf samples at different time points after infection revealed highly expressed effectors that may play a relevant role in pathogenicity. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis confirmed the differential expression of selected effectors. We identified a set of P. humuli core effectors that showed transcript evidence in all tested isolates and elevated expression during infection. These effectors are ideal candidates for functional analysis and effector-assisted breeding to develop DM resistant hop cultivars. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-08-11 /pmc/articles/PMC7432248/ /pubmed/32849854 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2020.00910 Text en Copyright © 2020 Purayannur, Cano, Bowman, Childs, Gent and Quesada-Ocampo. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Genetics
Purayannur, Savithri
Cano, Liliana M.
Bowman, Megan J.
Childs, Kevin L.
Gent, David H.
Quesada-Ocampo, Lina M.
The Effector Repertoire of the Hop Downy Mildew Pathogen Pseudoperonospora humuli
title The Effector Repertoire of the Hop Downy Mildew Pathogen Pseudoperonospora humuli
title_full The Effector Repertoire of the Hop Downy Mildew Pathogen Pseudoperonospora humuli
title_fullStr The Effector Repertoire of the Hop Downy Mildew Pathogen Pseudoperonospora humuli
title_full_unstemmed The Effector Repertoire of the Hop Downy Mildew Pathogen Pseudoperonospora humuli
title_short The Effector Repertoire of the Hop Downy Mildew Pathogen Pseudoperonospora humuli
title_sort effector repertoire of the hop downy mildew pathogen pseudoperonospora humuli
topic Genetics
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7432248/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32849854
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2020.00910
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