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Drivers’ Visual Attention Characteristics under Different Cognitive Workloads: An On-Road Driving Behavior Study

In this study, an on-road driving experiment was designed to investigate the visual attention fixation and transition characteristics of drivers when they are under different cognitive workloads. First, visual attention was macroscopically analyzed through the entropy method. Second, the Markov glan...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Ma, Yanli, Qi, Shouming, Zhang, Yaping, Lian, Guan, Lu, Weixin, Chan, Ching-Yao
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7432427/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32722496
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155366
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author Ma, Yanli
Qi, Shouming
Zhang, Yaping
Lian, Guan
Lu, Weixin
Chan, Ching-Yao
author_facet Ma, Yanli
Qi, Shouming
Zhang, Yaping
Lian, Guan
Lu, Weixin
Chan, Ching-Yao
author_sort Ma, Yanli
collection PubMed
description In this study, an on-road driving experiment was designed to investigate the visual attention fixation and transition characteristics of drivers when they are under different cognitive workloads. First, visual attention was macroscopically analyzed through the entropy method. Second, the Markov glance one- and two-step transition probability matrices were constructed, which can study the visual transition characteristics under different conditions from a microscopic perspective. Results indicate that the fixation entropy value of male drivers is 23.08% higher than that of female drivers. Under the normal driving state, drivers’ fixation on in-vehicle systems is not continuous and usually shifts to the front and left areas quickly after such fixation. When under cognitive workload, drivers’ vision transition is concentrated only in the front and right areas. In mild cognitive workload, drivers’ sight trajectory is mainly focused on the distant front area. As the workload level increases, the transition trajectory shifts to the junction near the front and far sides. The current study finds that the difference between an on-road test and a driving simulation is that during the on-road driving process, drivers are twice as attentive to the front area than to the driving simulator. The research provides practical guidance for the improvement of traffic safety.
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spelling pubmed-74324272020-08-24 Drivers’ Visual Attention Characteristics under Different Cognitive Workloads: An On-Road Driving Behavior Study Ma, Yanli Qi, Shouming Zhang, Yaping Lian, Guan Lu, Weixin Chan, Ching-Yao Int J Environ Res Public Health Article In this study, an on-road driving experiment was designed to investigate the visual attention fixation and transition characteristics of drivers when they are under different cognitive workloads. First, visual attention was macroscopically analyzed through the entropy method. Second, the Markov glance one- and two-step transition probability matrices were constructed, which can study the visual transition characteristics under different conditions from a microscopic perspective. Results indicate that the fixation entropy value of male drivers is 23.08% higher than that of female drivers. Under the normal driving state, drivers’ fixation on in-vehicle systems is not continuous and usually shifts to the front and left areas quickly after such fixation. When under cognitive workload, drivers’ vision transition is concentrated only in the front and right areas. In mild cognitive workload, drivers’ sight trajectory is mainly focused on the distant front area. As the workload level increases, the transition trajectory shifts to the junction near the front and far sides. The current study finds that the difference between an on-road test and a driving simulation is that during the on-road driving process, drivers are twice as attentive to the front area than to the driving simulator. The research provides practical guidance for the improvement of traffic safety. MDPI 2020-07-25 2020-08 /pmc/articles/PMC7432427/ /pubmed/32722496 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155366 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Ma, Yanli
Qi, Shouming
Zhang, Yaping
Lian, Guan
Lu, Weixin
Chan, Ching-Yao
Drivers’ Visual Attention Characteristics under Different Cognitive Workloads: An On-Road Driving Behavior Study
title Drivers’ Visual Attention Characteristics under Different Cognitive Workloads: An On-Road Driving Behavior Study
title_full Drivers’ Visual Attention Characteristics under Different Cognitive Workloads: An On-Road Driving Behavior Study
title_fullStr Drivers’ Visual Attention Characteristics under Different Cognitive Workloads: An On-Road Driving Behavior Study
title_full_unstemmed Drivers’ Visual Attention Characteristics under Different Cognitive Workloads: An On-Road Driving Behavior Study
title_short Drivers’ Visual Attention Characteristics under Different Cognitive Workloads: An On-Road Driving Behavior Study
title_sort drivers’ visual attention characteristics under different cognitive workloads: an on-road driving behavior study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7432427/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32722496
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155366
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AT lianguan driversvisualattentioncharacteristicsunderdifferentcognitiveworkloadsanonroaddrivingbehaviorstudy
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