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Perinatal Mental Illness in the Middle East and North Africa Region—A Systematic Overview

Aims: Perinatal mental illness (PMI) is associated with a high risk of maternal and infant morbidity. Recently, several systematic reviews and primary studies have explored the prevalence and risk factors of PMI in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. To our knowledge, there has been no c...

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Autores principales: Doraiswamy, Sathyanarayanan, Jithesh, Anupama, Chaabane, Sonia, Abraham, Amit, Chaabna, Karima, Cheema, Sohaila
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7432515/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32751384
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155487
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author Doraiswamy, Sathyanarayanan
Jithesh, Anupama
Chaabane, Sonia
Abraham, Amit
Chaabna, Karima
Cheema, Sohaila
author_facet Doraiswamy, Sathyanarayanan
Jithesh, Anupama
Chaabane, Sonia
Abraham, Amit
Chaabna, Karima
Cheema, Sohaila
author_sort Doraiswamy, Sathyanarayanan
collection PubMed
description Aims: Perinatal mental illness (PMI) is associated with a high risk of maternal and infant morbidity. Recently, several systematic reviews and primary studies have explored the prevalence and risk factors of PMI in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. To our knowledge, there has been no critical analysis of the existing systematic reviews (SRs) on this topic in the MENA region. Our systematic overview primarily aimed to synthesize evidence from the published SRs on PMI in the MENA countries focusing on a) the prevalence of PMI and b) the risk factors associated with PMI. Methods: We conducted a systematic overview of the epidemiology of PMI in the Middle East and North Africa region by searching the PubMed, Embase, and PsycInfo databases for relevant publications between January 2008 and July 2019. In addition to searching the reference lists of the identified SRs for other relevant SRs and additional primary studies of relevance (those which primarily discussed the prevalence of PMI and/or risk and protective factors), between August and October 2019, we also searched Google Scholar for relevant studies. Results: After applying our inclusion and exclusion criteria, 15 systematic reviews (SRs) and 79 primary studies were included in our overview. Studies utilizing validated diagnostic tools report a PMI prevalence range from 5.6% in Morocco to 28% in Pakistan. On the other hand, studies utilizing screening tools to detect PMI report a prevalence range of 9.2% in Sudan to 85.6% in the United Arab Emirates. Wide variations were observed in studies reporting PMI risk factors. We regrouped the risk factors applying an evidence-based categorization scheme. Our study indicates that risk factors in the relational, psychological, and sociodemographic categories are the most studied in the region. Conversely, lifestyle-related risk factors were less studied. Conclusions: Our systematic overview identifies perinatal mental illness as an important public health issue in the region. Standardizing approaches for estimating, preventing, screening, and treating perinatal mental illness would be a step in the right direction for the region.
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spelling pubmed-74325152020-08-24 Perinatal Mental Illness in the Middle East and North Africa Region—A Systematic Overview Doraiswamy, Sathyanarayanan Jithesh, Anupama Chaabane, Sonia Abraham, Amit Chaabna, Karima Cheema, Sohaila Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Aims: Perinatal mental illness (PMI) is associated with a high risk of maternal and infant morbidity. Recently, several systematic reviews and primary studies have explored the prevalence and risk factors of PMI in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. To our knowledge, there has been no critical analysis of the existing systematic reviews (SRs) on this topic in the MENA region. Our systematic overview primarily aimed to synthesize evidence from the published SRs on PMI in the MENA countries focusing on a) the prevalence of PMI and b) the risk factors associated with PMI. Methods: We conducted a systematic overview of the epidemiology of PMI in the Middle East and North Africa region by searching the PubMed, Embase, and PsycInfo databases for relevant publications between January 2008 and July 2019. In addition to searching the reference lists of the identified SRs for other relevant SRs and additional primary studies of relevance (those which primarily discussed the prevalence of PMI and/or risk and protective factors), between August and October 2019, we also searched Google Scholar for relevant studies. Results: After applying our inclusion and exclusion criteria, 15 systematic reviews (SRs) and 79 primary studies were included in our overview. Studies utilizing validated diagnostic tools report a PMI prevalence range from 5.6% in Morocco to 28% in Pakistan. On the other hand, studies utilizing screening tools to detect PMI report a prevalence range of 9.2% in Sudan to 85.6% in the United Arab Emirates. Wide variations were observed in studies reporting PMI risk factors. We regrouped the risk factors applying an evidence-based categorization scheme. Our study indicates that risk factors in the relational, psychological, and sociodemographic categories are the most studied in the region. Conversely, lifestyle-related risk factors were less studied. Conclusions: Our systematic overview identifies perinatal mental illness as an important public health issue in the region. Standardizing approaches for estimating, preventing, screening, and treating perinatal mental illness would be a step in the right direction for the region. MDPI 2020-07-29 2020-08 /pmc/articles/PMC7432515/ /pubmed/32751384 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155487 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Doraiswamy, Sathyanarayanan
Jithesh, Anupama
Chaabane, Sonia
Abraham, Amit
Chaabna, Karima
Cheema, Sohaila
Perinatal Mental Illness in the Middle East and North Africa Region—A Systematic Overview
title Perinatal Mental Illness in the Middle East and North Africa Region—A Systematic Overview
title_full Perinatal Mental Illness in the Middle East and North Africa Region—A Systematic Overview
title_fullStr Perinatal Mental Illness in the Middle East and North Africa Region—A Systematic Overview
title_full_unstemmed Perinatal Mental Illness in the Middle East and North Africa Region—A Systematic Overview
title_short Perinatal Mental Illness in the Middle East and North Africa Region—A Systematic Overview
title_sort perinatal mental illness in the middle east and north africa region—a systematic overview
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7432515/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32751384
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155487
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