Tumor Growth Dynamic Modeling in Oncology Drug Development and Regulatory Approval: Past, Present, and Future Opportunities

Model‐informed drug development (MIDD) approaches have rapidly advanced in drug development in recent years. Additionally, the Prescription Drug User Fee Act (PDUFA) VI has specific commitments to further enhance MIDD. Tumor growth dynamic (TGD) modeling, as one of the commonly utilized MIDD approaches in oncology, fulfills the purposes to accelerate the drug development, to support new drug and biologics license applications, and to guide the market access. Increasing knowledge of TGD modeling methodologies, encouraging applications in clinical setting for patients’ survival, and complementing assessment of regulatory review for submissions, together fueled promising potentials for imminent enhancement of TGD in oncology. This review is to comprehensively summarize the history of TGD, and present case examples of the recent advance of TGD modeling (mixture model and joint model), as well as the TGD impact on regulatory decisions, thus illustrating challenges and opportunities. Additionally, this review presents the future perspectives for TGD approach.