The correlation between recurrent risk and CYP2C19 gene polymorphisms in patients with ischemic stroke treated with clopidogrel for prevention

BACKGROUND: To explore the correlation between recurrent risk and CYP2C19 gene polymorphisms in patients with ischemic stroke (IS) treated with clopidogrel for prevention. METHODS: A total of 289 patients with IS treated with clopidogrel regularly were enrolled in this study, and stroke recurrence of all patients were recorded by follow-up. The correlation between CYP2C19 gene polymorphism and stroke recurrence in patients taking clopidogrel regularly was analyzed. RESULTS: After a mean follow-up period of 6 months, there were 289 patients who took clopidogrel regularly, and 41 of which occurred recurrent stroke. Patients of poor metabolizer and intermediate metabolizer had higher risk of recurrent stroke comparing with patients of extensive metabolize, and the odds ratios were 2.88 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.31–6.33, P = .068) and 3.00 (95% CI 1.09–8.22, P = .027), respectively. The recurrence risk of ∗2 (G681A)A allele carriers was 3.30 times that of G allele carriers (P = .0065). The recurrence rate of stroke in patients carrying heterozygous and homozygous ∗2 allele mutant was 1.96 times (P = .071) and 3.30 times (P = .012) that of patients with wild-type genes. Multifactor logistic regression analysis result indicated carrying loss of function (LOF) allele was an independent risk factor of stroke recurrence. CONCLUSION: For patients with IS treated with clopidogrel regularly for secondary prevention, poor metabolizer, and intermediate metabolizer patients had higher risk of recurrent stroke comparing with extensive metabolize ones. Carrying CYP2C19 LOF allele is an independent risk factor of stroke recurrence in patients with IS.