Understanding What You Have Found: A Family With a Mutation in the LAMA1 Gene With Literature Review

INTRODUCTION: Cerebellar dysplasia with cysts (CDC) is an imaging finding which is typically seen with in individuals with dystroglycanopathy. One of the diseases causing this condition is “Poretti-Boltshauser Syndrome; PTBHS” (OMIM #615960). Homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the LAMA1 gene cause this disease. CASE PRESENTATION: 7 years old twin siblings consulted to the medical genetics department because of walking problems and cerebellar examination findings. MANAGEMENT AND OUTCOME: Clinical and radiological findings of the patient suggested a syndrome with recessive inheritance. Whole exome sequencing (WES) test was performed for definitive diagnosis. As a result of the patient’s WES analysis, a homozygous mutation was detected in the LAMA1 gene. DISCUSSION: When determining the inheritance pattern of genetic diseases, if parents have consanquinity, this situation leads us to recessive inheritance diseases. Even if we are not consanquinity, but they say the same village, it is necessary to pay attention to the diseases of the recessive group. Whole exome sequencing analysis results in large amount of data generation. A good clinical evaluation is required to detect the mutation as a result of large data. To understand what we have found, we need to know what we are looking for.