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Early stage colon cancer: Current treatment standards, evolving paradigms, and future directions
Colon cancer continues to be one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity throughout the world despite the availability of reliable screening tools and effective therapies. The majority of patients with colon cancer are diagnosed at an early stage (stages I to III), which provides an opportu...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Baishideng Publishing Group Inc
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7443846/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32879661 http://dx.doi.org/10.4251/wjgo.v12.i8.808 |
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author | Chakrabarti, Sakti Peterson, Carrie Y Sriram, Deepika Mahipal, Amit |
author_facet | Chakrabarti, Sakti Peterson, Carrie Y Sriram, Deepika Mahipal, Amit |
author_sort | Chakrabarti, Sakti |
collection | PubMed |
description | Colon cancer continues to be one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity throughout the world despite the availability of reliable screening tools and effective therapies. The majority of patients with colon cancer are diagnosed at an early stage (stages I to III), which provides an opportunity for cure. The current treatment paradigm of early stage colon cancer consists of surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy in a select group of patients, which is directed at the eradication of minimal residual disease to achieve a cure. Surgery alone is curative for the vast majority of colon cancer patients. Currently, surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy can achieve long term survival in about two-thirds of colon cancer patients with nodal involvement. Adjuvant chemotherapy is recommended for all patients with stage III colon cancer, while the benefit in stage II patients is not unequivocally established despite several large clinical trials. Contemporary research in early stage colon cancer is focused on minimally invasive surgical techniques, strategies to limit treatment-related toxicities, precise patient selection for adjuvant therapy, utilization of molecular and clinicopathologic information to personalize therapy and exploration of new therapies exploiting the evolving knowledge of tumor biology. In this review, we will discuss the current standard treatment, evolving treatment paradigms, and the emerging biomarkers, that will likely help improve patient selection and personalization of therapy leading to superior outcomes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7443846 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Baishideng Publishing Group Inc |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-74438462020-09-01 Early stage colon cancer: Current treatment standards, evolving paradigms, and future directions Chakrabarti, Sakti Peterson, Carrie Y Sriram, Deepika Mahipal, Amit World J Gastrointest Oncol Review Colon cancer continues to be one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity throughout the world despite the availability of reliable screening tools and effective therapies. The majority of patients with colon cancer are diagnosed at an early stage (stages I to III), which provides an opportunity for cure. The current treatment paradigm of early stage colon cancer consists of surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy in a select group of patients, which is directed at the eradication of minimal residual disease to achieve a cure. Surgery alone is curative for the vast majority of colon cancer patients. Currently, surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy can achieve long term survival in about two-thirds of colon cancer patients with nodal involvement. Adjuvant chemotherapy is recommended for all patients with stage III colon cancer, while the benefit in stage II patients is not unequivocally established despite several large clinical trials. Contemporary research in early stage colon cancer is focused on minimally invasive surgical techniques, strategies to limit treatment-related toxicities, precise patient selection for adjuvant therapy, utilization of molecular and clinicopathologic information to personalize therapy and exploration of new therapies exploiting the evolving knowledge of tumor biology. In this review, we will discuss the current standard treatment, evolving treatment paradigms, and the emerging biomarkers, that will likely help improve patient selection and personalization of therapy leading to superior outcomes. Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2020-08-15 2020-08-15 /pmc/articles/PMC7443846/ /pubmed/32879661 http://dx.doi.org/10.4251/wjgo.v12.i8.808 Text en ©The Author(s) 2020. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. |
spellingShingle | Review Chakrabarti, Sakti Peterson, Carrie Y Sriram, Deepika Mahipal, Amit Early stage colon cancer: Current treatment standards, evolving paradigms, and future directions |
title | Early stage colon cancer: Current treatment standards, evolving paradigms, and future directions |
title_full | Early stage colon cancer: Current treatment standards, evolving paradigms, and future directions |
title_fullStr | Early stage colon cancer: Current treatment standards, evolving paradigms, and future directions |
title_full_unstemmed | Early stage colon cancer: Current treatment standards, evolving paradigms, and future directions |
title_short | Early stage colon cancer: Current treatment standards, evolving paradigms, and future directions |
title_sort | early stage colon cancer: current treatment standards, evolving paradigms, and future directions |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7443846/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32879661 http://dx.doi.org/10.4251/wjgo.v12.i8.808 |
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