Cargando…

Muscle modes of the equestrian rider at walk, rising trot and canter

Equestrian sports have been a source of numerous studies throughout the past two decades, however, few scientists have focused on the biomechanical effects, including muscle activation, that the horse has on the rider. Because equitation is a sport of two (the horse-human dyad), we believe there is...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Elmeua González, Marc, Šarabon, Nejc
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7446812/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32810165
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0237727
_version_ 1783574192227090432
author Elmeua González, Marc
Šarabon, Nejc
author_facet Elmeua González, Marc
Šarabon, Nejc
author_sort Elmeua González, Marc
collection PubMed
description Equestrian sports have been a source of numerous studies throughout the past two decades, however, few scientists have focused on the biomechanical effects, including muscle activation, that the horse has on the rider. Because equitation is a sport of two (the horse-human dyad), we believe there is a need to fill in the knowledge gap in human biomechanics during riding. To investigate the differences between novice and advanced riders at a neuromuscular level we characterized the motor output of a set of riders’ key muscles during horse riding. Six recreational riders (24 ± 7 years) and nine professional riders (31 ± 5 years) from the Spanish Classical School of Riding (Lipica) volunteered to take part in this study. Riders’ upper body, core and lower limb muscles were monitored and synchronized with inertial data from the left horse’s leg at walk, rising trot and canter. We used principal component analysis to extract muscle modes. Three modes were identified in the advanced group whereas five modes were identified in the novice group. From the novice group, one mode united dorsal and ventral muscles of the body (reciprocal mode). Advanced riders showed higher core muscles engagement and better intermuscular coordination. We concluded that advanced horse riding is characterized by an ability to activate muscles contralaterally but not reciprocally (dorsal-ventral contraction). In addition, activating each muscle independently with different levels of activation, and the ability to quickly decrease overall muscle activity is distinctive of advanced riders.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-7446812
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2020
publisher Public Library of Science
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-74468122020-08-26 Muscle modes of the equestrian rider at walk, rising trot and canter Elmeua González, Marc Šarabon, Nejc PLoS One Research Article Equestrian sports have been a source of numerous studies throughout the past two decades, however, few scientists have focused on the biomechanical effects, including muscle activation, that the horse has on the rider. Because equitation is a sport of two (the horse-human dyad), we believe there is a need to fill in the knowledge gap in human biomechanics during riding. To investigate the differences between novice and advanced riders at a neuromuscular level we characterized the motor output of a set of riders’ key muscles during horse riding. Six recreational riders (24 ± 7 years) and nine professional riders (31 ± 5 years) from the Spanish Classical School of Riding (Lipica) volunteered to take part in this study. Riders’ upper body, core and lower limb muscles were monitored and synchronized with inertial data from the left horse’s leg at walk, rising trot and canter. We used principal component analysis to extract muscle modes. Three modes were identified in the advanced group whereas five modes were identified in the novice group. From the novice group, one mode united dorsal and ventral muscles of the body (reciprocal mode). Advanced riders showed higher core muscles engagement and better intermuscular coordination. We concluded that advanced horse riding is characterized by an ability to activate muscles contralaterally but not reciprocally (dorsal-ventral contraction). In addition, activating each muscle independently with different levels of activation, and the ability to quickly decrease overall muscle activity is distinctive of advanced riders. Public Library of Science 2020-08-18 /pmc/articles/PMC7446812/ /pubmed/32810165 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0237727 Text en © 2020 Elmeua González, Šarabon http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Elmeua González, Marc
Šarabon, Nejc
Muscle modes of the equestrian rider at walk, rising trot and canter
title Muscle modes of the equestrian rider at walk, rising trot and canter
title_full Muscle modes of the equestrian rider at walk, rising trot and canter
title_fullStr Muscle modes of the equestrian rider at walk, rising trot and canter
title_full_unstemmed Muscle modes of the equestrian rider at walk, rising trot and canter
title_short Muscle modes of the equestrian rider at walk, rising trot and canter
title_sort muscle modes of the equestrian rider at walk, rising trot and canter
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7446812/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32810165
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0237727
work_keys_str_mv AT elmeuagonzalezmarc musclemodesoftheequestrianrideratwalkrisingtrotandcanter
AT sarabonnejc musclemodesoftheequestrianrideratwalkrisingtrotandcanter