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Exploring optical spectroscopic techniques and nanomaterials for virus detection

Viral infections pose significant health challenges globally by affecting millions of people worldwide and consequently resulting in a negative impact on both socioeconomic development and health. Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a clear example of how a virus can have a global impact in the...

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Autores principales: Manoto, Sello Lebohang, El-Hussein, Ahmed, Malabi, Rudzani, Thobakgale, Lebogang, Ombinda-Lemboumba, Saturnin, Attia, Yasser A., Kasem, Mohamed A., Mthunzi-Kufa, Patience
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7449958/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32868971
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.08.034
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author Manoto, Sello Lebohang
El-Hussein, Ahmed
Malabi, Rudzani
Thobakgale, Lebogang
Ombinda-Lemboumba, Saturnin
Attia, Yasser A.
Kasem, Mohamed A.
Mthunzi-Kufa, Patience
author_facet Manoto, Sello Lebohang
El-Hussein, Ahmed
Malabi, Rudzani
Thobakgale, Lebogang
Ombinda-Lemboumba, Saturnin
Attia, Yasser A.
Kasem, Mohamed A.
Mthunzi-Kufa, Patience
author_sort Manoto, Sello Lebohang
collection PubMed
description Viral infections pose significant health challenges globally by affecting millions of people worldwide and consequently resulting in a negative impact on both socioeconomic development and health. Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a clear example of how a virus can have a global impact in the society and has demonstrated the limitations of detection and diagnostic capabilities globally. Another virus which has posed serious threats to world health is the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) which is a lentivirus of the retroviridae family responsible for causing acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Even though there has been a significant progress in the HIV biosensing over the past years, there is still a great need for the development of point of care (POC) biosensors that are affordable, robust, portable, easy to use and sensitive enough to provide accurate results to enable clinical decision making. The aim of this study was to present a proof of concept for detecting HIV-1 pseudoviruses by using anti-HIV1 gp41 antibodies as capturing antibodies. In our study, glass substrates were treated with a uniform layer of silane in order to immobilize HIV gp41 antibodies on their surfaces. Thereafter, the HIV pseudovirus was added to the treated substrates followed by addition of anti-HIV gp41 antibodies conjugated to selenium nanoparticle (SeNPs) and gold nanoclusters (AuNCs). The conjugation of SeNPs and AuNCs to anti-HIV gp41 antibodies was characterized using UV–vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and zeta potential while the surface morphology was characterized by fluorescence microscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Raman spectroscopy. The UV–vis and zeta potential results showed that there was successful conjugation of SeNPs and AuNCs to anti-HIV gp41 antibodies and fluorescence microscopy showed that antibodies immobilized on glass substrates were able to capture intact HIV pseudoviruses. Furthermore, AFM also confirmed the capturing HIV pseudoviruses and we were able to differentiate between substrates with and without the HIV pseudoviruses. Raman spectroscopy confirmed the presence of biomolecules related to HIV and therefore this system has potential in HIV biosensing applications.
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spelling pubmed-74499582020-08-27 Exploring optical spectroscopic techniques and nanomaterials for virus detection Manoto, Sello Lebohang El-Hussein, Ahmed Malabi, Rudzani Thobakgale, Lebogang Ombinda-Lemboumba, Saturnin Attia, Yasser A. Kasem, Mohamed A. Mthunzi-Kufa, Patience Saudi J Biol Sci Original Article Viral infections pose significant health challenges globally by affecting millions of people worldwide and consequently resulting in a negative impact on both socioeconomic development and health. Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a clear example of how a virus can have a global impact in the society and has demonstrated the limitations of detection and diagnostic capabilities globally. Another virus which has posed serious threats to world health is the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) which is a lentivirus of the retroviridae family responsible for causing acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Even though there has been a significant progress in the HIV biosensing over the past years, there is still a great need for the development of point of care (POC) biosensors that are affordable, robust, portable, easy to use and sensitive enough to provide accurate results to enable clinical decision making. The aim of this study was to present a proof of concept for detecting HIV-1 pseudoviruses by using anti-HIV1 gp41 antibodies as capturing antibodies. In our study, glass substrates were treated with a uniform layer of silane in order to immobilize HIV gp41 antibodies on their surfaces. Thereafter, the HIV pseudovirus was added to the treated substrates followed by addition of anti-HIV gp41 antibodies conjugated to selenium nanoparticle (SeNPs) and gold nanoclusters (AuNCs). The conjugation of SeNPs and AuNCs to anti-HIV gp41 antibodies was characterized using UV–vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and zeta potential while the surface morphology was characterized by fluorescence microscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Raman spectroscopy. The UV–vis and zeta potential results showed that there was successful conjugation of SeNPs and AuNCs to anti-HIV gp41 antibodies and fluorescence microscopy showed that antibodies immobilized on glass substrates were able to capture intact HIV pseudoviruses. Furthermore, AFM also confirmed the capturing HIV pseudoviruses and we were able to differentiate between substrates with and without the HIV pseudoviruses. Raman spectroscopy confirmed the presence of biomolecules related to HIV and therefore this system has potential in HIV biosensing applications. Elsevier 2021-01 2020-08-27 /pmc/articles/PMC7449958/ /pubmed/32868971 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.08.034 Text en © 2020 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Original Article
Manoto, Sello Lebohang
El-Hussein, Ahmed
Malabi, Rudzani
Thobakgale, Lebogang
Ombinda-Lemboumba, Saturnin
Attia, Yasser A.
Kasem, Mohamed A.
Mthunzi-Kufa, Patience
Exploring optical spectroscopic techniques and nanomaterials for virus detection
title Exploring optical spectroscopic techniques and nanomaterials for virus detection
title_full Exploring optical spectroscopic techniques and nanomaterials for virus detection
title_fullStr Exploring optical spectroscopic techniques and nanomaterials for virus detection
title_full_unstemmed Exploring optical spectroscopic techniques and nanomaterials for virus detection
title_short Exploring optical spectroscopic techniques and nanomaterials for virus detection
title_sort exploring optical spectroscopic techniques and nanomaterials for virus detection
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7449958/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32868971
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.08.034
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