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Clinically relevant autistic traits predict greater reliance on detail for image recognition

Individuals with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis are often described as having an eye for detail. But it remains to be shown that a detail-focused processing bias is a ubiquitous property of vision in individuals with ASD. To address this question, we investigated whether a greater numbe...

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Autores principales: Alink, Arjen, Charest, Ian
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7455566/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32859935
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-70953-8
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author Alink, Arjen
Charest, Ian
author_facet Alink, Arjen
Charest, Ian
author_sort Alink, Arjen
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description Individuals with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis are often described as having an eye for detail. But it remains to be shown that a detail-focused processing bias is a ubiquitous property of vision in individuals with ASD. To address this question, we investigated whether a greater number of autistic traits in neurotypical subjects is associated with an increased reliance on image details during a natural image recognition task. To this end, we use a novel reverse correlation-based method (feature diagnosticity mapping) for measuring the relative importance of low-level image features for object recognition. The main finding of this study is that image recognition in participants with an above-median number of autistic traits benefited more from the presence of high-spatial frequency image features. Furthermore, we found that this reliance-on-detail effect was best predicted by the presence of the most clinically relevant autistic traits. Therefore, our findings suggest that a greater number of autistic traits in neurotypical individuals is associated with a more detail-oriented visual information processing strategy and that this effect might generalize to a clinical ASD population.
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spelling pubmed-74555662020-09-01 Clinically relevant autistic traits predict greater reliance on detail for image recognition Alink, Arjen Charest, Ian Sci Rep Article Individuals with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis are often described as having an eye for detail. But it remains to be shown that a detail-focused processing bias is a ubiquitous property of vision in individuals with ASD. To address this question, we investigated whether a greater number of autistic traits in neurotypical subjects is associated with an increased reliance on image details during a natural image recognition task. To this end, we use a novel reverse correlation-based method (feature diagnosticity mapping) for measuring the relative importance of low-level image features for object recognition. The main finding of this study is that image recognition in participants with an above-median number of autistic traits benefited more from the presence of high-spatial frequency image features. Furthermore, we found that this reliance-on-detail effect was best predicted by the presence of the most clinically relevant autistic traits. Therefore, our findings suggest that a greater number of autistic traits in neurotypical individuals is associated with a more detail-oriented visual information processing strategy and that this effect might generalize to a clinical ASD population. Nature Publishing Group UK 2020-08-28 /pmc/articles/PMC7455566/ /pubmed/32859935 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-70953-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Alink, Arjen
Charest, Ian
Clinically relevant autistic traits predict greater reliance on detail for image recognition
title Clinically relevant autistic traits predict greater reliance on detail for image recognition
title_full Clinically relevant autistic traits predict greater reliance on detail for image recognition
title_fullStr Clinically relevant autistic traits predict greater reliance on detail for image recognition
title_full_unstemmed Clinically relevant autistic traits predict greater reliance on detail for image recognition
title_short Clinically relevant autistic traits predict greater reliance on detail for image recognition
title_sort clinically relevant autistic traits predict greater reliance on detail for image recognition
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7455566/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32859935
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-70953-8
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