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Perils and Promises of Pathogenic Protozoan Extracellular Vesicles
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous structures formed during biological processes in living organisms. For protozoan parasites, secretion of EVs can occur directly from the parasite organellar compartments and through parasite-infected or antigen-stimulated host cells in response to in vitro...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7456935/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32923407 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.00371 |
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author | Olajide, Joshua Seun Cai, Jianping |
author_facet | Olajide, Joshua Seun Cai, Jianping |
author_sort | Olajide, Joshua Seun |
collection | PubMed |
description | Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous structures formed during biological processes in living organisms. For protozoan parasites, secretion of EVs can occur directly from the parasite organellar compartments and through parasite-infected or antigen-stimulated host cells in response to in vitro and in vivo physiological stressors. These secreted EVs characteristically reflect the biochemical features of their parasitic origin and activating stimuli. Here, we review the species-specific morphology and integrity of parasitic protozoan EVs in concurrence with the origin, functions, and internalization process by recipient cells. The activating stimuli for the secretion of EVs in pathogenic protozoa are discoursed alongside their biomolecules and specific immune cell responses to protozoan parasite-derived EVs. We also present some insights on the intricate functions of EVs in the context of protozoan parasitism. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7456935 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-74569352020-09-11 Perils and Promises of Pathogenic Protozoan Extracellular Vesicles Olajide, Joshua Seun Cai, Jianping Front Cell Infect Microbiol Cellular and Infection Microbiology Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous structures formed during biological processes in living organisms. For protozoan parasites, secretion of EVs can occur directly from the parasite organellar compartments and through parasite-infected or antigen-stimulated host cells in response to in vitro and in vivo physiological stressors. These secreted EVs characteristically reflect the biochemical features of their parasitic origin and activating stimuli. Here, we review the species-specific morphology and integrity of parasitic protozoan EVs in concurrence with the origin, functions, and internalization process by recipient cells. The activating stimuli for the secretion of EVs in pathogenic protozoa are discoursed alongside their biomolecules and specific immune cell responses to protozoan parasite-derived EVs. We also present some insights on the intricate functions of EVs in the context of protozoan parasitism. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-08-14 /pmc/articles/PMC7456935/ /pubmed/32923407 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.00371 Text en Copyright © 2020 Olajide and Cai. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Cellular and Infection Microbiology Olajide, Joshua Seun Cai, Jianping Perils and Promises of Pathogenic Protozoan Extracellular Vesicles |
title | Perils and Promises of Pathogenic Protozoan Extracellular Vesicles |
title_full | Perils and Promises of Pathogenic Protozoan Extracellular Vesicles |
title_fullStr | Perils and Promises of Pathogenic Protozoan Extracellular Vesicles |
title_full_unstemmed | Perils and Promises of Pathogenic Protozoan Extracellular Vesicles |
title_short | Perils and Promises of Pathogenic Protozoan Extracellular Vesicles |
title_sort | perils and promises of pathogenic protozoan extracellular vesicles |
topic | Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7456935/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32923407 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.00371 |
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