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Analysing the Relationship between Nutrition and the Microbial Composition of the Oral Biofilm—Insights from the Analysis of Individual Variability

The influence of a change in nutrition on the oral microbiota are discussed in literature, but usually only changes of population mean values are reported. This paper introduces simple methods to also analyse and report the variability of patients’ reactions considering data from the culture analysi...

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Autores principales: Vach, Kirstin, Al-Ahmad, Ali, Anderson, Annette, Woelber, Johan Peter, Karygianni, Lamprini, Wittmer, Annette, Hellwig, Elmar
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7460051/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32759753
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9080479
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author Vach, Kirstin
Al-Ahmad, Ali
Anderson, Annette
Woelber, Johan Peter
Karygianni, Lamprini
Wittmer, Annette
Hellwig, Elmar
author_facet Vach, Kirstin
Al-Ahmad, Ali
Anderson, Annette
Woelber, Johan Peter
Karygianni, Lamprini
Wittmer, Annette
Hellwig, Elmar
author_sort Vach, Kirstin
collection PubMed
description The influence of a change in nutrition on the oral microbiota are discussed in literature, but usually only changes of population mean values are reported. This paper introduces simple methods to also analyse and report the variability of patients’ reactions considering data from the culture analysis of oral biofilm. The framework was illustrated by an experimental study exposing eleven participants to different nutrition schemes in five consecutive phases. Substantial inter-individual variations in the individual reactions were observed. A new coherence index made it possible to identify 14 instances where the direction of individual changes tended to coincide with the direction of the mean change with more than 95% probability. The heterogeneity in variability across different bacteria species was limited. This allowed us to develop recommendations for sample sizes in future studies. For studies measuring the concentration change of bacteria as a reaction to nutrition change, the use of replications and analysis of the variability is recommended. In order to detect moderate effects of a change in nutrition on the concentration of single bacterial taxa, 30 participants with three repetitions are often adequate. Insights into the relationship between nutrition and the microbial composition can be helpful for the development of dietary habits that promote the establishment of a healthy microbial flora and can therefore prevent the initiation of oral diseases such as caries and periodontitis.
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spelling pubmed-74600512020-09-02 Analysing the Relationship between Nutrition and the Microbial Composition of the Oral Biofilm—Insights from the Analysis of Individual Variability Vach, Kirstin Al-Ahmad, Ali Anderson, Annette Woelber, Johan Peter Karygianni, Lamprini Wittmer, Annette Hellwig, Elmar Antibiotics (Basel) Article The influence of a change in nutrition on the oral microbiota are discussed in literature, but usually only changes of population mean values are reported. This paper introduces simple methods to also analyse and report the variability of patients’ reactions considering data from the culture analysis of oral biofilm. The framework was illustrated by an experimental study exposing eleven participants to different nutrition schemes in five consecutive phases. Substantial inter-individual variations in the individual reactions were observed. A new coherence index made it possible to identify 14 instances where the direction of individual changes tended to coincide with the direction of the mean change with more than 95% probability. The heterogeneity in variability across different bacteria species was limited. This allowed us to develop recommendations for sample sizes in future studies. For studies measuring the concentration change of bacteria as a reaction to nutrition change, the use of replications and analysis of the variability is recommended. In order to detect moderate effects of a change in nutrition on the concentration of single bacterial taxa, 30 participants with three repetitions are often adequate. Insights into the relationship between nutrition and the microbial composition can be helpful for the development of dietary habits that promote the establishment of a healthy microbial flora and can therefore prevent the initiation of oral diseases such as caries and periodontitis. MDPI 2020-08-04 /pmc/articles/PMC7460051/ /pubmed/32759753 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9080479 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Vach, Kirstin
Al-Ahmad, Ali
Anderson, Annette
Woelber, Johan Peter
Karygianni, Lamprini
Wittmer, Annette
Hellwig, Elmar
Analysing the Relationship between Nutrition and the Microbial Composition of the Oral Biofilm—Insights from the Analysis of Individual Variability
title Analysing the Relationship between Nutrition and the Microbial Composition of the Oral Biofilm—Insights from the Analysis of Individual Variability
title_full Analysing the Relationship between Nutrition and the Microbial Composition of the Oral Biofilm—Insights from the Analysis of Individual Variability
title_fullStr Analysing the Relationship between Nutrition and the Microbial Composition of the Oral Biofilm—Insights from the Analysis of Individual Variability
title_full_unstemmed Analysing the Relationship between Nutrition and the Microbial Composition of the Oral Biofilm—Insights from the Analysis of Individual Variability
title_short Analysing the Relationship between Nutrition and the Microbial Composition of the Oral Biofilm—Insights from the Analysis of Individual Variability
title_sort analysing the relationship between nutrition and the microbial composition of the oral biofilm—insights from the analysis of individual variability
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7460051/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32759753
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9080479
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