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Effect of Thymol Addition and Withdrawal on Some Blood Parameters, Antioxidative Defence System and Fatty Acid Profile in Rabbit Muscle
SIMPLE SUMMARY: So far, the study of the bioactivity of thymol, a major constituent of Thymus vulgaris L., in the animal organism has received little attention. Our study could give us answers to questions about whether thymol accumulates in the rabbit organism after its sustained administration and...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7460272/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32707992 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10081248 |
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author | Bacova, Kristina Zitterl-Eglseer, Karin Chrastinova, Lubica Laukova, Andrea Madarova, Michaela Gancarcikova, Sona Sopkova, Drahomira Andrejcakova, Zuzana Placha, Iveta |
author_facet | Bacova, Kristina Zitterl-Eglseer, Karin Chrastinova, Lubica Laukova, Andrea Madarova, Michaela Gancarcikova, Sona Sopkova, Drahomira Andrejcakova, Zuzana Placha, Iveta |
author_sort | Bacova, Kristina |
collection | PubMed |
description | SIMPLE SUMMARY: So far, the study of the bioactivity of thymol, a major constituent of Thymus vulgaris L., in the animal organism has received little attention. Our study could give us answers to questions about whether thymol accumulates in the rabbit organism after its sustained administration and if it is also able to exhibit its beneficial properties for a longer period. Thymol in powder form at the concentration 250-mg/kg feed was added to the rabbit diet for 21 days and withdrawn for the next seven days. We confirmed that thymol was sufficiently absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and was able to express its biological activity not only during application but, also, after withdrawal. Further studies are needed to clarify the biotransformation and bioavailability of thymol in the rabbit organism with respect to the specific features of rabbit digestion. ABSTRACT: Thymol concentrations in rabbit plasma, intestinal wall (IW) and faeces were detected, and the effects of thymol application and withdrawal on biochemical, antioxidant parameters and fatty acids (FA) in blood (B) and muscle (M) were studied. Forty-eight rabbits were divided into two experimental groups (control, C and with thymol 250-mg/kg feed, T). Thymol was administered for 21 days (TA) and withdrawn for seven days (TW). Thymol in plasma correlated with that in the IW (Spearman′s correlation coefficient (r(s)) = −1.000, p = 0.0167, TA) and was detected in faeces (TA and TW). In TA alkaline phosphatase (p = 0.0183), cholesterol (p = 0.0228), malondialdehyde (p = 0.003), glutathione peroxidase (p = 0.0177) in B and lactate dehydrogenase (M, p = 0.0411) decreased; monounsaturated FA (p = 0.0104) and α-linolenic acid (p = 0.0227) in M increased. In TW urea (p = 0.0079), docosapentaenoic acid (p = 0.0069) in M increased; linoleic acid (p = 0.0070), ∑ n−6 (p = 0.0007) in M and triglycerides decreased (B, p = 0.0317). In TA and TW, the total protein (p = 0.0025 and 0.0079), creatinine (B; p = 0.0357 and 0.0159) and oleic acid (M; p = 0.0104 and 0.0006) increased. Thymol was efficiently absorbed from the intestine and demonstrated its biological activity in blood and the muscles. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7460272 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-74602722020-09-02 Effect of Thymol Addition and Withdrawal on Some Blood Parameters, Antioxidative Defence System and Fatty Acid Profile in Rabbit Muscle Bacova, Kristina Zitterl-Eglseer, Karin Chrastinova, Lubica Laukova, Andrea Madarova, Michaela Gancarcikova, Sona Sopkova, Drahomira Andrejcakova, Zuzana Placha, Iveta Animals (Basel) Article SIMPLE SUMMARY: So far, the study of the bioactivity of thymol, a major constituent of Thymus vulgaris L., in the animal organism has received little attention. Our study could give us answers to questions about whether thymol accumulates in the rabbit organism after its sustained administration and if it is also able to exhibit its beneficial properties for a longer period. Thymol in powder form at the concentration 250-mg/kg feed was added to the rabbit diet for 21 days and withdrawn for the next seven days. We confirmed that thymol was sufficiently absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and was able to express its biological activity not only during application but, also, after withdrawal. Further studies are needed to clarify the biotransformation and bioavailability of thymol in the rabbit organism with respect to the specific features of rabbit digestion. ABSTRACT: Thymol concentrations in rabbit plasma, intestinal wall (IW) and faeces were detected, and the effects of thymol application and withdrawal on biochemical, antioxidant parameters and fatty acids (FA) in blood (B) and muscle (M) were studied. Forty-eight rabbits were divided into two experimental groups (control, C and with thymol 250-mg/kg feed, T). Thymol was administered for 21 days (TA) and withdrawn for seven days (TW). Thymol in plasma correlated with that in the IW (Spearman′s correlation coefficient (r(s)) = −1.000, p = 0.0167, TA) and was detected in faeces (TA and TW). In TA alkaline phosphatase (p = 0.0183), cholesterol (p = 0.0228), malondialdehyde (p = 0.003), glutathione peroxidase (p = 0.0177) in B and lactate dehydrogenase (M, p = 0.0411) decreased; monounsaturated FA (p = 0.0104) and α-linolenic acid (p = 0.0227) in M increased. In TW urea (p = 0.0079), docosapentaenoic acid (p = 0.0069) in M increased; linoleic acid (p = 0.0070), ∑ n−6 (p = 0.0007) in M and triglycerides decreased (B, p = 0.0317). In TA and TW, the total protein (p = 0.0025 and 0.0079), creatinine (B; p = 0.0357 and 0.0159) and oleic acid (M; p = 0.0104 and 0.0006) increased. Thymol was efficiently absorbed from the intestine and demonstrated its biological activity in blood and the muscles. MDPI 2020-07-22 /pmc/articles/PMC7460272/ /pubmed/32707992 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10081248 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Bacova, Kristina Zitterl-Eglseer, Karin Chrastinova, Lubica Laukova, Andrea Madarova, Michaela Gancarcikova, Sona Sopkova, Drahomira Andrejcakova, Zuzana Placha, Iveta Effect of Thymol Addition and Withdrawal on Some Blood Parameters, Antioxidative Defence System and Fatty Acid Profile in Rabbit Muscle |
title | Effect of Thymol Addition and Withdrawal on Some Blood Parameters, Antioxidative Defence System and Fatty Acid Profile in Rabbit Muscle |
title_full | Effect of Thymol Addition and Withdrawal on Some Blood Parameters, Antioxidative Defence System and Fatty Acid Profile in Rabbit Muscle |
title_fullStr | Effect of Thymol Addition and Withdrawal on Some Blood Parameters, Antioxidative Defence System and Fatty Acid Profile in Rabbit Muscle |
title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Thymol Addition and Withdrawal on Some Blood Parameters, Antioxidative Defence System and Fatty Acid Profile in Rabbit Muscle |
title_short | Effect of Thymol Addition and Withdrawal on Some Blood Parameters, Antioxidative Defence System and Fatty Acid Profile in Rabbit Muscle |
title_sort | effect of thymol addition and withdrawal on some blood parameters, antioxidative defence system and fatty acid profile in rabbit muscle |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7460272/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32707992 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10081248 |
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