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A Proposed Procedure for Discriminating between Nasal Secretion and Saliva by RT-qPCR
In forensic casework, nasal secretion can be a good source of DNA. Moreover, saliva can prove useful in cases of sexual assault. However, discriminating between these body fluids is often difficult because of cross-reactivity between them on presumptive and confirmatory tests. Therefore, an RT-qPCR...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7460356/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32722656 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10080519 |
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author | Akutsu, Tomoko Watanabe, Ken |
author_facet | Akutsu, Tomoko Watanabe, Ken |
author_sort | Akutsu, Tomoko |
collection | PubMed |
description | In forensic casework, nasal secretion can be a good source of DNA. Moreover, saliva can prove useful in cases of sexual assault. However, discriminating between these body fluids is often difficult because of cross-reactivity between them on presumptive and confirmatory tests. Therefore, an RT-qPCR procedure was developed to discriminate between nasal secretion and saliva. Characteristic genes in nasal secretion and/or saliva (BPIFA1, STATH, HTN3, and PRH2) were selected as candidates. Discrimination criteria were established based on the expression levels of these markers in various body fluids. In addition, a flowchart was proposed and used to discriminate among nasal secretion, saliva, and other body fluids in various forensic samples. BPIFA1 was highly expressed in nasal secretion but was also expressed in saliva, semen, and vaginal fluid at trace levels. STATH was expressed in nasal secretion and saliva but not in other body fluids. HTN3 was specifically expressed in most of the saliva samples, as reported previously. Unexpectedly, PRH2 was expressed in only a few saliva samples. Using the proposed criteria and flowchart, nasal secretion and saliva were successfully discriminated among the various body fluids tested. The developed procedure could be useful in forensic casework. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7460356 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-74603562020-09-02 A Proposed Procedure for Discriminating between Nasal Secretion and Saliva by RT-qPCR Akutsu, Tomoko Watanabe, Ken Diagnostics (Basel) Article In forensic casework, nasal secretion can be a good source of DNA. Moreover, saliva can prove useful in cases of sexual assault. However, discriminating between these body fluids is often difficult because of cross-reactivity between them on presumptive and confirmatory tests. Therefore, an RT-qPCR procedure was developed to discriminate between nasal secretion and saliva. Characteristic genes in nasal secretion and/or saliva (BPIFA1, STATH, HTN3, and PRH2) were selected as candidates. Discrimination criteria were established based on the expression levels of these markers in various body fluids. In addition, a flowchart was proposed and used to discriminate among nasal secretion, saliva, and other body fluids in various forensic samples. BPIFA1 was highly expressed in nasal secretion but was also expressed in saliva, semen, and vaginal fluid at trace levels. STATH was expressed in nasal secretion and saliva but not in other body fluids. HTN3 was specifically expressed in most of the saliva samples, as reported previously. Unexpectedly, PRH2 was expressed in only a few saliva samples. Using the proposed criteria and flowchart, nasal secretion and saliva were successfully discriminated among the various body fluids tested. The developed procedure could be useful in forensic casework. MDPI 2020-07-26 /pmc/articles/PMC7460356/ /pubmed/32722656 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10080519 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Akutsu, Tomoko Watanabe, Ken A Proposed Procedure for Discriminating between Nasal Secretion and Saliva by RT-qPCR |
title | A Proposed Procedure for Discriminating between Nasal Secretion and Saliva by RT-qPCR |
title_full | A Proposed Procedure for Discriminating between Nasal Secretion and Saliva by RT-qPCR |
title_fullStr | A Proposed Procedure for Discriminating between Nasal Secretion and Saliva by RT-qPCR |
title_full_unstemmed | A Proposed Procedure for Discriminating between Nasal Secretion and Saliva by RT-qPCR |
title_short | A Proposed Procedure for Discriminating between Nasal Secretion and Saliva by RT-qPCR |
title_sort | proposed procedure for discriminating between nasal secretion and saliva by rt-qpcr |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7460356/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32722656 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10080519 |
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