Cryoablation of Extra-Abdominal Desmoid Tumors: A Single-Center Experience with Literature Review

Cryoablation (CA) has gained popularity in the treatment of benign and malignant musculoskeletal tumors. While extra-abdominal desmoid (EAD) tumors are not malignant, they remain challenging to treat because of their high local recurrence rate. We reviewed all EAD tumors treated with CA at our institution between November 2012 and March 2020. Fourteen procedures were performed on nine females and one male (mean age, 33 ± 18 years) as either first-line (n = 4) or salvage therapy (n = 6) with curative intent (n = 8) or tumor debulking (n = 2). Mean tumor size was 63.6 cm(3) (range, 3.4–169 cm(3)). Contrast-enhanced MRI was performed before treatment and at 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up. Treatment outcome was based on the change in enhanced tumor volume (ET-V). For curatively treated patients, the mean ET-V change was −97 ± 7%, −44 ± 143%, and +103 ± 312% at 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively. For debulking patients, the mean ET-V change was −98 ± 4%, +149 ± 364%, and +192 ± 353% at 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively. During a mean follow-up of 53.7 months (range, 12–83 months), one grade III and one grade IV complication were noted. We found CA to be safe and well tolerated in patients with EAD.