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Sweet Immunity: The Effect of Exogenous Fructans on the Susceptibility of Apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) to Venturia inaequalis

There is an urgent need for novel, efficient and environmentally friendly strategies to control apple scab (Venturia inaequalis), for the purpose of reducing overall pesticide use. Fructans are recently emerging as promising “priming” compounds, standing out for their safety and low production costs...

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Autores principales: Svara, Anze, Tarkowski, Łukasz Paweł, Janse van Rensburg, Henry Christopher, Deleye, Evelien, Vaerten, Jarl, De Storme, Nico, Keulemans, Wannes, Van den Ende, Wim
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7461573/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32824325
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21165885
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author Svara, Anze
Tarkowski, Łukasz Paweł
Janse van Rensburg, Henry Christopher
Deleye, Evelien
Vaerten, Jarl
De Storme, Nico
Keulemans, Wannes
Van den Ende, Wim
author_facet Svara, Anze
Tarkowski, Łukasz Paweł
Janse van Rensburg, Henry Christopher
Deleye, Evelien
Vaerten, Jarl
De Storme, Nico
Keulemans, Wannes
Van den Ende, Wim
author_sort Svara, Anze
collection PubMed
description There is an urgent need for novel, efficient and environmentally friendly strategies to control apple scab (Venturia inaequalis), for the purpose of reducing overall pesticide use. Fructans are recently emerging as promising “priming” compounds, standing out for their safety and low production costs. The objective of this work was to test a fructan-triggered defense in the leaves of apple seedlings. It was demonstrated that exogenous leaf spraying can reduce the development of apple scab disease symptoms. When evaluated macroscopically and by V. inaequalis-specific qPCR, levan-treated leaves showed a significant reduction of sporulation and V. inaequalis DNA in comparison to mock- and inulin-treated leaves, comparable to the levels in fosetyl-aluminum-treated leaves. Furthermore, we observed a significant reduction of in vitro mycelial growth of V. inaequalis on plates supplemented with levans when compared to controls, indicating a direct inhibition of fungal growth. Variations in endogenous sugar contents in the leaves were followed during priming and subsequent infection, revealing complex dynamics as a function of time and leaf ontogeny. Our data are discussed in view of the present theories on sugar signaling and fructan-based immunity, identifying areas for future research and highlighting the potential use of fructans in apple scab management in orchards.
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spelling pubmed-74615732020-09-04 Sweet Immunity: The Effect of Exogenous Fructans on the Susceptibility of Apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) to Venturia inaequalis Svara, Anze Tarkowski, Łukasz Paweł Janse van Rensburg, Henry Christopher Deleye, Evelien Vaerten, Jarl De Storme, Nico Keulemans, Wannes Van den Ende, Wim Int J Mol Sci Article There is an urgent need for novel, efficient and environmentally friendly strategies to control apple scab (Venturia inaequalis), for the purpose of reducing overall pesticide use. Fructans are recently emerging as promising “priming” compounds, standing out for their safety and low production costs. The objective of this work was to test a fructan-triggered defense in the leaves of apple seedlings. It was demonstrated that exogenous leaf spraying can reduce the development of apple scab disease symptoms. When evaluated macroscopically and by V. inaequalis-specific qPCR, levan-treated leaves showed a significant reduction of sporulation and V. inaequalis DNA in comparison to mock- and inulin-treated leaves, comparable to the levels in fosetyl-aluminum-treated leaves. Furthermore, we observed a significant reduction of in vitro mycelial growth of V. inaequalis on plates supplemented with levans when compared to controls, indicating a direct inhibition of fungal growth. Variations in endogenous sugar contents in the leaves were followed during priming and subsequent infection, revealing complex dynamics as a function of time and leaf ontogeny. Our data are discussed in view of the present theories on sugar signaling and fructan-based immunity, identifying areas for future research and highlighting the potential use of fructans in apple scab management in orchards. MDPI 2020-08-16 /pmc/articles/PMC7461573/ /pubmed/32824325 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21165885 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Svara, Anze
Tarkowski, Łukasz Paweł
Janse van Rensburg, Henry Christopher
Deleye, Evelien
Vaerten, Jarl
De Storme, Nico
Keulemans, Wannes
Van den Ende, Wim
Sweet Immunity: The Effect of Exogenous Fructans on the Susceptibility of Apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) to Venturia inaequalis
title Sweet Immunity: The Effect of Exogenous Fructans on the Susceptibility of Apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) to Venturia inaequalis
title_full Sweet Immunity: The Effect of Exogenous Fructans on the Susceptibility of Apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) to Venturia inaequalis
title_fullStr Sweet Immunity: The Effect of Exogenous Fructans on the Susceptibility of Apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) to Venturia inaequalis
title_full_unstemmed Sweet Immunity: The Effect of Exogenous Fructans on the Susceptibility of Apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) to Venturia inaequalis
title_short Sweet Immunity: The Effect of Exogenous Fructans on the Susceptibility of Apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) to Venturia inaequalis
title_sort sweet immunity: the effect of exogenous fructans on the susceptibility of apple (malus × domestica borkh.) to venturia inaequalis
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7461573/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32824325
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21165885
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