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Altered pain processing in patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis of pain detection thresholds and pain modulation mechanisms

The first signs of diabetic neuropathy typically result from small-diameter nerve fiber dysfunction. This review synthesized the evidence for small-diameter nerve fiber neuropathy measured via quantitative sensory testing (QST) in patients with diabetes with and without painful and non-painful neuro...

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Autores principales: Sierra-Silvestre, Eva, Somerville, Mari, Bisset, Leanne, Coppieters, Michel W
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BMJ Publishing Group 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7462232/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32868312
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001566
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author Sierra-Silvestre, Eva
Somerville, Mari
Bisset, Leanne
Coppieters, Michel W
author_facet Sierra-Silvestre, Eva
Somerville, Mari
Bisset, Leanne
Coppieters, Michel W
author_sort Sierra-Silvestre, Eva
collection PubMed
description The first signs of diabetic neuropathy typically result from small-diameter nerve fiber dysfunction. This review synthesized the evidence for small-diameter nerve fiber neuropathy measured via quantitative sensory testing (QST) in patients with diabetes with and without painful and non-painful neuropathies. Electronic databases were searched to identify studies in patients with diabetes with at least one QST measure reflecting small-diameter nerve fiber function (thermal or electrical pain detection threshold, contact heat-evoked potentials, temporal summation or conditioned pain modulation). Four groups were compared: patients with diabetes (1) without neuropathy, (2) with non-painful diabetic neuropathy, (3) with painful diabetic neuropathy and (4) healthy individuals. Recommended methods were used for article identification, selection, risk of bias assessment, data extraction and analysis. For the meta-analyses, data were pooled using random-effect models. Twenty-seven studies with 2422 participants met selection criteria; 18 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Patients with diabetes without symptoms of neuropathy already showed loss of nerve function for heat (standardized mean difference (SMD): 0.52, p<0.001), cold (SMD: −0.71, p=0.01) and electrical pain thresholds (SMD: 1.26, p=0.01). Patients with non-painful neuropathy had greater loss of function in heat pain threshold (SMD: 0.75, p=0.01) and electrical stimuli (SMD: 0.55, p=0.03) compared with patients with diabetes without neuropathy. Patients with painful diabetic neuropathy exhibited a greater loss of function in heat pain threshold (SMD: 0.55, p=0.005) compared with patients with non-painful diabetic neuropathy. Small-diameter nerve fiber function deteriorates progressively in patients with diabetes. Because the dysfunction is already present before symptoms occur, early detection is possible, which may assist in prevention and effective management of diabetic neuropathy.
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spelling pubmed-74622322020-09-11 Altered pain processing in patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis of pain detection thresholds and pain modulation mechanisms Sierra-Silvestre, Eva Somerville, Mari Bisset, Leanne Coppieters, Michel W BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care Pathophysiology/Complications The first signs of diabetic neuropathy typically result from small-diameter nerve fiber dysfunction. This review synthesized the evidence for small-diameter nerve fiber neuropathy measured via quantitative sensory testing (QST) in patients with diabetes with and without painful and non-painful neuropathies. Electronic databases were searched to identify studies in patients with diabetes with at least one QST measure reflecting small-diameter nerve fiber function (thermal or electrical pain detection threshold, contact heat-evoked potentials, temporal summation or conditioned pain modulation). Four groups were compared: patients with diabetes (1) without neuropathy, (2) with non-painful diabetic neuropathy, (3) with painful diabetic neuropathy and (4) healthy individuals. Recommended methods were used for article identification, selection, risk of bias assessment, data extraction and analysis. For the meta-analyses, data were pooled using random-effect models. Twenty-seven studies with 2422 participants met selection criteria; 18 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Patients with diabetes without symptoms of neuropathy already showed loss of nerve function for heat (standardized mean difference (SMD): 0.52, p<0.001), cold (SMD: −0.71, p=0.01) and electrical pain thresholds (SMD: 1.26, p=0.01). Patients with non-painful neuropathy had greater loss of function in heat pain threshold (SMD: 0.75, p=0.01) and electrical stimuli (SMD: 0.55, p=0.03) compared with patients with diabetes without neuropathy. Patients with painful diabetic neuropathy exhibited a greater loss of function in heat pain threshold (SMD: 0.55, p=0.005) compared with patients with non-painful diabetic neuropathy. Small-diameter nerve fiber function deteriorates progressively in patients with diabetes. Because the dysfunction is already present before symptoms occur, early detection is possible, which may assist in prevention and effective management of diabetic neuropathy. BMJ Publishing Group 2020-08-31 /pmc/articles/PMC7462232/ /pubmed/32868312 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001566 Text en © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.
spellingShingle Pathophysiology/Complications
Sierra-Silvestre, Eva
Somerville, Mari
Bisset, Leanne
Coppieters, Michel W
Altered pain processing in patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis of pain detection thresholds and pain modulation mechanisms
title Altered pain processing in patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis of pain detection thresholds and pain modulation mechanisms
title_full Altered pain processing in patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis of pain detection thresholds and pain modulation mechanisms
title_fullStr Altered pain processing in patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis of pain detection thresholds and pain modulation mechanisms
title_full_unstemmed Altered pain processing in patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis of pain detection thresholds and pain modulation mechanisms
title_short Altered pain processing in patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis of pain detection thresholds and pain modulation mechanisms
title_sort altered pain processing in patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis of pain detection thresholds and pain modulation mechanisms
topic Pathophysiology/Complications
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7462232/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32868312
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001566
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