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Using the perceptual past to predict the perceptual future influences the perceived present – A novel ERP paradigm

The information available through our senses is noisy, incomplete, and to varying degrees ambiguous. The perceptual system must create stable and reliable percepts out of this restricted information. It solves this perceptual inference problem by integrating memories of previous percepts and making...

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Autores principales: Joos, Ellen, Giersch, Anne, Bhatia, Kriti, Heinrich, Sven P., Tebartz van Elst, Ludger, Kornmeier, Jürgen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7462302/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32870908
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0237663
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author Joos, Ellen
Giersch, Anne
Bhatia, Kriti
Heinrich, Sven P.
Tebartz van Elst, Ludger
Kornmeier, Jürgen
author_facet Joos, Ellen
Giersch, Anne
Bhatia, Kriti
Heinrich, Sven P.
Tebartz van Elst, Ludger
Kornmeier, Jürgen
author_sort Joos, Ellen
collection PubMed
description The information available through our senses is noisy, incomplete, and to varying degrees ambiguous. The perceptual system must create stable and reliable percepts out of this restricted information. It solves this perceptual inference problem by integrating memories of previous percepts and making predictions about the perceptual future. Using ambiguous figures and a new experimental approach, we studied whether generating predictions based on regularities in the past affects processing of the present and how this is done. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were measured to investigate whether a highly regular temporal context of either ambiguous or unambiguous stimulus variants differently affects processing of a current stimulus and/or task execution. Further, we tested whether symbolic announcements about the immediate perceptual future can replace the past experience of regularities as a source for making predictions. Both ERP and reaction time varied as a function of stimulus ambiguity in the temporal context of a present stimulus. No such effects were found with symbolic announcements. Our results indicate that predictions about the future automatically alter processing of the present, even if the predictions are irrelevant for the present percept and task. However, direct experiences of past regularities are necessary for predicting the future whereas symbolic information about the future is not sufficient.
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spelling pubmed-74623022020-09-04 Using the perceptual past to predict the perceptual future influences the perceived present – A novel ERP paradigm Joos, Ellen Giersch, Anne Bhatia, Kriti Heinrich, Sven P. Tebartz van Elst, Ludger Kornmeier, Jürgen PLoS One Research Article The information available through our senses is noisy, incomplete, and to varying degrees ambiguous. The perceptual system must create stable and reliable percepts out of this restricted information. It solves this perceptual inference problem by integrating memories of previous percepts and making predictions about the perceptual future. Using ambiguous figures and a new experimental approach, we studied whether generating predictions based on regularities in the past affects processing of the present and how this is done. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were measured to investigate whether a highly regular temporal context of either ambiguous or unambiguous stimulus variants differently affects processing of a current stimulus and/or task execution. Further, we tested whether symbolic announcements about the immediate perceptual future can replace the past experience of regularities as a source for making predictions. Both ERP and reaction time varied as a function of stimulus ambiguity in the temporal context of a present stimulus. No such effects were found with symbolic announcements. Our results indicate that predictions about the future automatically alter processing of the present, even if the predictions are irrelevant for the present percept and task. However, direct experiences of past regularities are necessary for predicting the future whereas symbolic information about the future is not sufficient. Public Library of Science 2020-09-01 /pmc/articles/PMC7462302/ /pubmed/32870908 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0237663 Text en © 2020 Joos et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Joos, Ellen
Giersch, Anne
Bhatia, Kriti
Heinrich, Sven P.
Tebartz van Elst, Ludger
Kornmeier, Jürgen
Using the perceptual past to predict the perceptual future influences the perceived present – A novel ERP paradigm
title Using the perceptual past to predict the perceptual future influences the perceived present – A novel ERP paradigm
title_full Using the perceptual past to predict the perceptual future influences the perceived present – A novel ERP paradigm
title_fullStr Using the perceptual past to predict the perceptual future influences the perceived present – A novel ERP paradigm
title_full_unstemmed Using the perceptual past to predict the perceptual future influences the perceived present – A novel ERP paradigm
title_short Using the perceptual past to predict the perceptual future influences the perceived present – A novel ERP paradigm
title_sort using the perceptual past to predict the perceptual future influences the perceived present – a novel erp paradigm
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7462302/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32870908
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0237663
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