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Effect of Topical Administration of Somatostatin on Retinal Inflammation and Neurodegeneration in an Experimental Model of Diabetes
Somatostatin (SST) is a neuroprotective peptide but little is known regarding the potential role of its anti-inflammatory effects on retinal neuroprotection. In a previous study, we provided the first evidence that topical (eye drops) administration of SST prevents retinal neurodegeneration in strep...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7463891/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32784955 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9082579 |
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author | Hernández, Cristina Arroba, Ana I Bogdanov, Patricia Ramos, Hugo Simó-Servat, Olga Simó, Rafael Valverde, Angela M |
author_facet | Hernández, Cristina Arroba, Ana I Bogdanov, Patricia Ramos, Hugo Simó-Servat, Olga Simó, Rafael Valverde, Angela M |
author_sort | Hernández, Cristina |
collection | PubMed |
description | Somatostatin (SST) is a neuroprotective peptide but little is known regarding the potential role of its anti-inflammatory effects on retinal neuroprotection. In a previous study, we provided the first evidence that topical (eye drops) administration of SST prevents retinal neurodegeneration in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. However, STZ by itself could cause neurotoxicity, thus acting as a confounding factor. The aims of the present study were: (1) to test the effect of topical administration of SST in the db/db mouse model, a spontaneous model of type 2 diabetes, thus avoiding the confounding effect of STZ on neurodegeneration; (2) to further explore the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of SST in glial cells. This task was performed by using mouse retinal explants and cell cultures. In summary, we confirm that SST topically administered was able to prevent retinal neurodysfunction and neurodegeneration in db/db mice. Furthermore, we found that SST prevented the activation of the classical M1 response of Bv.2 microglial cells upon Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation as a potent pro-inflammatory trigger. The anti-inflammatory effect of SST in Bv.2 cells was also observed in response to hypoxia. In conclusion, we provide evidence that the neuroprotective effect of SST in diabetic retinas can be largely attributed to anti-inflammatory mechanisms. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7463891 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-74638912020-09-04 Effect of Topical Administration of Somatostatin on Retinal Inflammation and Neurodegeneration in an Experimental Model of Diabetes Hernández, Cristina Arroba, Ana I Bogdanov, Patricia Ramos, Hugo Simó-Servat, Olga Simó, Rafael Valverde, Angela M J Clin Med Article Somatostatin (SST) is a neuroprotective peptide but little is known regarding the potential role of its anti-inflammatory effects on retinal neuroprotection. In a previous study, we provided the first evidence that topical (eye drops) administration of SST prevents retinal neurodegeneration in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. However, STZ by itself could cause neurotoxicity, thus acting as a confounding factor. The aims of the present study were: (1) to test the effect of topical administration of SST in the db/db mouse model, a spontaneous model of type 2 diabetes, thus avoiding the confounding effect of STZ on neurodegeneration; (2) to further explore the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of SST in glial cells. This task was performed by using mouse retinal explants and cell cultures. In summary, we confirm that SST topically administered was able to prevent retinal neurodysfunction and neurodegeneration in db/db mice. Furthermore, we found that SST prevented the activation of the classical M1 response of Bv.2 microglial cells upon Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation as a potent pro-inflammatory trigger. The anti-inflammatory effect of SST in Bv.2 cells was also observed in response to hypoxia. In conclusion, we provide evidence that the neuroprotective effect of SST in diabetic retinas can be largely attributed to anti-inflammatory mechanisms. MDPI 2020-08-10 /pmc/articles/PMC7463891/ /pubmed/32784955 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9082579 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Hernández, Cristina Arroba, Ana I Bogdanov, Patricia Ramos, Hugo Simó-Servat, Olga Simó, Rafael Valverde, Angela M Effect of Topical Administration of Somatostatin on Retinal Inflammation and Neurodegeneration in an Experimental Model of Diabetes |
title | Effect of Topical Administration of Somatostatin on Retinal Inflammation and Neurodegeneration in an Experimental Model of Diabetes |
title_full | Effect of Topical Administration of Somatostatin on Retinal Inflammation and Neurodegeneration in an Experimental Model of Diabetes |
title_fullStr | Effect of Topical Administration of Somatostatin on Retinal Inflammation and Neurodegeneration in an Experimental Model of Diabetes |
title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Topical Administration of Somatostatin on Retinal Inflammation and Neurodegeneration in an Experimental Model of Diabetes |
title_short | Effect of Topical Administration of Somatostatin on Retinal Inflammation and Neurodegeneration in an Experimental Model of Diabetes |
title_sort | effect of topical administration of somatostatin on retinal inflammation and neurodegeneration in an experimental model of diabetes |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7463891/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32784955 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9082579 |
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