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Framework Phylogeny, Evolution and Complex Diversification of Chinese Oaks

Oaks (Quercus L.) are ideal models to assess patterns of plant diversity. We integrated the sequence data of five chloroplast and two nuclear loci from 50 Chinese oaks to explore the phylogenetic framework, evolution and diversification patterns of the Chinese oak’s lineage. The framework phylogeny...

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Autores principales: Yang, Jia, Guo, Yu-Fan, Chen, Xiao-Dan, Zhang, Xiao, Ju, Miao-Miao, Bai, Guo-Qing, Liu, Zhan-Lin, Zhao, Gui-Fang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7464331/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32823635
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9081024
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author Yang, Jia
Guo, Yu-Fan
Chen, Xiao-Dan
Zhang, Xiao
Ju, Miao-Miao
Bai, Guo-Qing
Liu, Zhan-Lin
Zhao, Gui-Fang
author_facet Yang, Jia
Guo, Yu-Fan
Chen, Xiao-Dan
Zhang, Xiao
Ju, Miao-Miao
Bai, Guo-Qing
Liu, Zhan-Lin
Zhao, Gui-Fang
author_sort Yang, Jia
collection PubMed
description Oaks (Quercus L.) are ideal models to assess patterns of plant diversity. We integrated the sequence data of five chloroplast and two nuclear loci from 50 Chinese oaks to explore the phylogenetic framework, evolution and diversification patterns of the Chinese oak’s lineage. The framework phylogeny strongly supports two subgenera Quercus and Cerris comprising four infrageneric sections Quercus, Cerris, Ilex and Cyclobalanopsis for the Chinese oaks. An evolutionary analysis suggests that the two subgenera probably split during the mid-Eocene, followed by intergroup divergence within the subgenus Cerris around the late Eocene. The initial diversification of sections in the subgenus Cerris was dated between the mid-Oligocene and the Oligocene–Miocene boundary, while a rapid species radiation in section Quercus started in the late Miocene. Diversification simulations indicate a potential evolutionary shift on section Quercus, while several phenotypic shifts likely occur among all sections. We found significant negative correlations between rates of the lineage diversification and phenotypic turnover, suggesting a complex interaction between the species evolution and morphological divergence in Chinese oaks. Our infrageneric phylogeny of Chinese oaks accords with the recently proposed classification of the genus Quercus. The results point to tectonic activity and climatic change during the Tertiary as possible drivers of evolution and diversification in the Chinese oak’s lineage.
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spelling pubmed-74643312020-09-04 Framework Phylogeny, Evolution and Complex Diversification of Chinese Oaks Yang, Jia Guo, Yu-Fan Chen, Xiao-Dan Zhang, Xiao Ju, Miao-Miao Bai, Guo-Qing Liu, Zhan-Lin Zhao, Gui-Fang Plants (Basel) Article Oaks (Quercus L.) are ideal models to assess patterns of plant diversity. We integrated the sequence data of five chloroplast and two nuclear loci from 50 Chinese oaks to explore the phylogenetic framework, evolution and diversification patterns of the Chinese oak’s lineage. The framework phylogeny strongly supports two subgenera Quercus and Cerris comprising four infrageneric sections Quercus, Cerris, Ilex and Cyclobalanopsis for the Chinese oaks. An evolutionary analysis suggests that the two subgenera probably split during the mid-Eocene, followed by intergroup divergence within the subgenus Cerris around the late Eocene. The initial diversification of sections in the subgenus Cerris was dated between the mid-Oligocene and the Oligocene–Miocene boundary, while a rapid species radiation in section Quercus started in the late Miocene. Diversification simulations indicate a potential evolutionary shift on section Quercus, while several phenotypic shifts likely occur among all sections. We found significant negative correlations between rates of the lineage diversification and phenotypic turnover, suggesting a complex interaction between the species evolution and morphological divergence in Chinese oaks. Our infrageneric phylogeny of Chinese oaks accords with the recently proposed classification of the genus Quercus. The results point to tectonic activity and climatic change during the Tertiary as possible drivers of evolution and diversification in the Chinese oak’s lineage. MDPI 2020-08-13 /pmc/articles/PMC7464331/ /pubmed/32823635 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9081024 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Yang, Jia
Guo, Yu-Fan
Chen, Xiao-Dan
Zhang, Xiao
Ju, Miao-Miao
Bai, Guo-Qing
Liu, Zhan-Lin
Zhao, Gui-Fang
Framework Phylogeny, Evolution and Complex Diversification of Chinese Oaks
title Framework Phylogeny, Evolution and Complex Diversification of Chinese Oaks
title_full Framework Phylogeny, Evolution and Complex Diversification of Chinese Oaks
title_fullStr Framework Phylogeny, Evolution and Complex Diversification of Chinese Oaks
title_full_unstemmed Framework Phylogeny, Evolution and Complex Diversification of Chinese Oaks
title_short Framework Phylogeny, Evolution and Complex Diversification of Chinese Oaks
title_sort framework phylogeny, evolution and complex diversification of chinese oaks
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7464331/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32823635
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9081024
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