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Molecular Mechanisms of AKI in the Elderly: From Animal Models to Therapeutic Intervention
Acute kidney injury (AKI), a critical syndrome characterized by a sudden reduction of renal function, is a common disorder among elderly patients particularly in Intensive Care Unit (ICU). AKI is closely associated with both short- and long-term mortality and length of hospital stay and is considere...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7464895/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32784471 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9082574 |
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author | Infante, Barbara Franzin, Rossana Madio, Desirèe Calvaruso, Martina Maiorano, Annamaria Sangregorio, Fabio Netti, Giuseppe Stefano Ranieri, Elena Gesualdo, Loreto Castellano, Giuseppe Stallone, Giovanni |
author_facet | Infante, Barbara Franzin, Rossana Madio, Desirèe Calvaruso, Martina Maiorano, Annamaria Sangregorio, Fabio Netti, Giuseppe Stefano Ranieri, Elena Gesualdo, Loreto Castellano, Giuseppe Stallone, Giovanni |
author_sort | Infante, Barbara |
collection | PubMed |
description | Acute kidney injury (AKI), a critical syndrome characterized by a sudden reduction of renal function, is a common disorder among elderly patients particularly in Intensive Care Unit (ICU). AKI is closely associated with both short- and long-term mortality and length of hospital stay and is considered a predictor of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Specific hemodynamic, metabolic, and molecular changes lead to increased susceptibility to injury in the aged kidney; therefore, certain causes of AKI such as the prerenal reduction in renal perfusion or vascular obstructive conditions are more common in the elderly; moreover, AKI is often multifactorial and iatrogenic. Older patients present several comorbidities (diabetes, hypertension, heart failure) and are exposed to multiple medical interventions such as the use of nephrotoxic contrasts media and medications, which can also trigger AKI. Considering the emerging relevance of this condition, prevention and treatment of AKI in the elderly should be crucial in the internist and emergency setting. This review article summarizes the incidence, the risk factors, the pathophysiology, the molecular mechanisms and the strategies of prevention and treatment of AKI in elderly patients. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7464895 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-74648952020-09-04 Molecular Mechanisms of AKI in the Elderly: From Animal Models to Therapeutic Intervention Infante, Barbara Franzin, Rossana Madio, Desirèe Calvaruso, Martina Maiorano, Annamaria Sangregorio, Fabio Netti, Giuseppe Stefano Ranieri, Elena Gesualdo, Loreto Castellano, Giuseppe Stallone, Giovanni J Clin Med Review Acute kidney injury (AKI), a critical syndrome characterized by a sudden reduction of renal function, is a common disorder among elderly patients particularly in Intensive Care Unit (ICU). AKI is closely associated with both short- and long-term mortality and length of hospital stay and is considered a predictor of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Specific hemodynamic, metabolic, and molecular changes lead to increased susceptibility to injury in the aged kidney; therefore, certain causes of AKI such as the prerenal reduction in renal perfusion or vascular obstructive conditions are more common in the elderly; moreover, AKI is often multifactorial and iatrogenic. Older patients present several comorbidities (diabetes, hypertension, heart failure) and are exposed to multiple medical interventions such as the use of nephrotoxic contrasts media and medications, which can also trigger AKI. Considering the emerging relevance of this condition, prevention and treatment of AKI in the elderly should be crucial in the internist and emergency setting. This review article summarizes the incidence, the risk factors, the pathophysiology, the molecular mechanisms and the strategies of prevention and treatment of AKI in elderly patients. MDPI 2020-08-08 /pmc/articles/PMC7464895/ /pubmed/32784471 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9082574 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Infante, Barbara Franzin, Rossana Madio, Desirèe Calvaruso, Martina Maiorano, Annamaria Sangregorio, Fabio Netti, Giuseppe Stefano Ranieri, Elena Gesualdo, Loreto Castellano, Giuseppe Stallone, Giovanni Molecular Mechanisms of AKI in the Elderly: From Animal Models to Therapeutic Intervention |
title | Molecular Mechanisms of AKI in the Elderly: From Animal Models to Therapeutic Intervention |
title_full | Molecular Mechanisms of AKI in the Elderly: From Animal Models to Therapeutic Intervention |
title_fullStr | Molecular Mechanisms of AKI in the Elderly: From Animal Models to Therapeutic Intervention |
title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Mechanisms of AKI in the Elderly: From Animal Models to Therapeutic Intervention |
title_short | Molecular Mechanisms of AKI in the Elderly: From Animal Models to Therapeutic Intervention |
title_sort | molecular mechanisms of aki in the elderly: from animal models to therapeutic intervention |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7464895/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32784471 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9082574 |
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