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Role of microRNA/Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition Axis in the Metastasis of Bladder Cancer
Bladder cancer (BC) is the 11th most common diagnosed cancer, and a number of factors including environmental and genetic ones participate in BC development. Metastasis of BC cells into neighboring and distant tissues significantly reduces overall survival of patients with this life-threatening diso...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7464913/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32784711 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10081159 |
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author | Ashrafizadeh, Milad Hushmandi, Kiavash Hashemi, Mehrdad Akbari, Mohammad Esmaeil Kubatka, Peter Raei, Mehdi Koklesova, Lenka Shahinozzaman, Md Mohammadinejad, Reza Najafi, Masoud Sethi, Gautam Kumar, Alan Prem Zarrabi, Ali |
author_facet | Ashrafizadeh, Milad Hushmandi, Kiavash Hashemi, Mehrdad Akbari, Mohammad Esmaeil Kubatka, Peter Raei, Mehdi Koklesova, Lenka Shahinozzaman, Md Mohammadinejad, Reza Najafi, Masoud Sethi, Gautam Kumar, Alan Prem Zarrabi, Ali |
author_sort | Ashrafizadeh, Milad |
collection | PubMed |
description | Bladder cancer (BC) is the 11th most common diagnosed cancer, and a number of factors including environmental and genetic ones participate in BC development. Metastasis of BC cells into neighboring and distant tissues significantly reduces overall survival of patients with this life-threatening disorder. Recently, studies have focused on revealing molecular pathways involved in metastasis of BC cells, and in this review, we focus on microRNAs (miRNAs) and their regulatory effect on epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) mechanisms that can regulate metastasis. EMT is a vital process for migration of BC cells, and inhibition of this mechanism restricts invasion of BC cells. MiRNAs are endogenous non-coding RNAs with 19–24 nucleotides capable of regulating different cellular events, and EMT is one of them. In BC cells, miRNAs are able to both induce and/or inhibit EMT. For regulation of EMT, miRNAs affect different molecular pathways such as transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), Snail, Slug, ZEB1/2, CD44, NSBP1, which are, discussed in detail this review. Besides, miRNA/EMT axis can also be regulated by upstream mediators such as lncRNAs, circRNAs and targeted by diverse anti-tumor agents. These topics are also discussed here to reveal diverse molecular pathways involved in migration of BC cells and strategies to target them to develop effective therapeutics. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7464913 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-74649132020-09-04 Role of microRNA/Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition Axis in the Metastasis of Bladder Cancer Ashrafizadeh, Milad Hushmandi, Kiavash Hashemi, Mehrdad Akbari, Mohammad Esmaeil Kubatka, Peter Raei, Mehdi Koklesova, Lenka Shahinozzaman, Md Mohammadinejad, Reza Najafi, Masoud Sethi, Gautam Kumar, Alan Prem Zarrabi, Ali Biomolecules Review Bladder cancer (BC) is the 11th most common diagnosed cancer, and a number of factors including environmental and genetic ones participate in BC development. Metastasis of BC cells into neighboring and distant tissues significantly reduces overall survival of patients with this life-threatening disorder. Recently, studies have focused on revealing molecular pathways involved in metastasis of BC cells, and in this review, we focus on microRNAs (miRNAs) and their regulatory effect on epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) mechanisms that can regulate metastasis. EMT is a vital process for migration of BC cells, and inhibition of this mechanism restricts invasion of BC cells. MiRNAs are endogenous non-coding RNAs with 19–24 nucleotides capable of regulating different cellular events, and EMT is one of them. In BC cells, miRNAs are able to both induce and/or inhibit EMT. For regulation of EMT, miRNAs affect different molecular pathways such as transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), Snail, Slug, ZEB1/2, CD44, NSBP1, which are, discussed in detail this review. Besides, miRNA/EMT axis can also be regulated by upstream mediators such as lncRNAs, circRNAs and targeted by diverse anti-tumor agents. These topics are also discussed here to reveal diverse molecular pathways involved in migration of BC cells and strategies to target them to develop effective therapeutics. MDPI 2020-08-07 /pmc/articles/PMC7464913/ /pubmed/32784711 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10081159 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Ashrafizadeh, Milad Hushmandi, Kiavash Hashemi, Mehrdad Akbari, Mohammad Esmaeil Kubatka, Peter Raei, Mehdi Koklesova, Lenka Shahinozzaman, Md Mohammadinejad, Reza Najafi, Masoud Sethi, Gautam Kumar, Alan Prem Zarrabi, Ali Role of microRNA/Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition Axis in the Metastasis of Bladder Cancer |
title | Role of microRNA/Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition Axis in the Metastasis of Bladder Cancer |
title_full | Role of microRNA/Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition Axis in the Metastasis of Bladder Cancer |
title_fullStr | Role of microRNA/Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition Axis in the Metastasis of Bladder Cancer |
title_full_unstemmed | Role of microRNA/Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition Axis in the Metastasis of Bladder Cancer |
title_short | Role of microRNA/Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition Axis in the Metastasis of Bladder Cancer |
title_sort | role of microrna/epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition axis in the metastasis of bladder cancer |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7464913/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32784711 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10081159 |
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