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Quinolone and Organophosphorus Insecticide Residues in Bivalves and Their Associated Risks in Taiwan
Bivalves, such as freshwater clams (Corbicula fluminea) and hard clams (Meretrix lusoria), are the most extensive and widely grown shellfish in land-based ponds in Taiwan. However, few studies have examined the contamination of bivalves by quinolone and organophosphorus insecticides. Thus, we adapte...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7465073/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32785084 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25163636 |
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author | Wu, Ching-Feng Chen, Ching-Hung Wu, Ching-Yang Lin, Chen-Si Su, Yao-Chi Wu, Ching-Fen Tsai, Hsiao-Pei Fan, Pei-Shan Yeh, Chang-Hui Yang, Wei-Cheng Chang, Geng-Ruei |
author_facet | Wu, Ching-Feng Chen, Ching-Hung Wu, Ching-Yang Lin, Chen-Si Su, Yao-Chi Wu, Ching-Fen Tsai, Hsiao-Pei Fan, Pei-Shan Yeh, Chang-Hui Yang, Wei-Cheng Chang, Geng-Ruei |
author_sort | Wu, Ching-Feng |
collection | PubMed |
description | Bivalves, such as freshwater clams (Corbicula fluminea) and hard clams (Meretrix lusoria), are the most extensive and widely grown shellfish in land-based ponds in Taiwan. However, few studies have examined the contamination of bivalves by quinolone and organophosphorus insecticides. Thus, we adapted an established procedure to analyze 8 quinolones and 12 organophosphorus insecticides using liquid and gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Surveys in Taiwan have not noted high residual levels of these chemicals in bivalve tissues. A total of 58 samples of freshwater or hard clams were obtained from Taiwanese aquafarms. We identified 0.03 mg/kg of enrofloxacin in one freshwater clam, 0.024 mg/kg of flumequine in one freshwater clam, 0.02 mg/kg of flumequine in one hard clam, 0.05 mg/kg of chlorpyrifos in one freshwater clam, 0.03 mg/kg of chlorpyrifos in one hard clam, and 0.02 mg/kg of trichlorfon in one hard clam. The results indicated that 5.17% of the samples had quinolone insecticide residues and 5.17% had organophosphorus residues. However, the estimated daily intake (EDI)/acceptable daily intake quotient (ADI) indicated no significant risk and no immediate health risk from the consumption of bivalves. These results provide a reference for the food-safety screening of veterinary drugs and pesticides in aquatic animals. Aquatic products should be frequently screened for residues of prohibited chemicals to safeguard human health. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7465073 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-74650732020-09-04 Quinolone and Organophosphorus Insecticide Residues in Bivalves and Their Associated Risks in Taiwan Wu, Ching-Feng Chen, Ching-Hung Wu, Ching-Yang Lin, Chen-Si Su, Yao-Chi Wu, Ching-Fen Tsai, Hsiao-Pei Fan, Pei-Shan Yeh, Chang-Hui Yang, Wei-Cheng Chang, Geng-Ruei Molecules Article Bivalves, such as freshwater clams (Corbicula fluminea) and hard clams (Meretrix lusoria), are the most extensive and widely grown shellfish in land-based ponds in Taiwan. However, few studies have examined the contamination of bivalves by quinolone and organophosphorus insecticides. Thus, we adapted an established procedure to analyze 8 quinolones and 12 organophosphorus insecticides using liquid and gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Surveys in Taiwan have not noted high residual levels of these chemicals in bivalve tissues. A total of 58 samples of freshwater or hard clams were obtained from Taiwanese aquafarms. We identified 0.03 mg/kg of enrofloxacin in one freshwater clam, 0.024 mg/kg of flumequine in one freshwater clam, 0.02 mg/kg of flumequine in one hard clam, 0.05 mg/kg of chlorpyrifos in one freshwater clam, 0.03 mg/kg of chlorpyrifos in one hard clam, and 0.02 mg/kg of trichlorfon in one hard clam. The results indicated that 5.17% of the samples had quinolone insecticide residues and 5.17% had organophosphorus residues. However, the estimated daily intake (EDI)/acceptable daily intake quotient (ADI) indicated no significant risk and no immediate health risk from the consumption of bivalves. These results provide a reference for the food-safety screening of veterinary drugs and pesticides in aquatic animals. Aquatic products should be frequently screened for residues of prohibited chemicals to safeguard human health. MDPI 2020-08-10 /pmc/articles/PMC7465073/ /pubmed/32785084 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25163636 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Wu, Ching-Feng Chen, Ching-Hung Wu, Ching-Yang Lin, Chen-Si Su, Yao-Chi Wu, Ching-Fen Tsai, Hsiao-Pei Fan, Pei-Shan Yeh, Chang-Hui Yang, Wei-Cheng Chang, Geng-Ruei Quinolone and Organophosphorus Insecticide Residues in Bivalves and Their Associated Risks in Taiwan |
title | Quinolone and Organophosphorus Insecticide Residues in Bivalves and Their Associated Risks in Taiwan |
title_full | Quinolone and Organophosphorus Insecticide Residues in Bivalves and Their Associated Risks in Taiwan |
title_fullStr | Quinolone and Organophosphorus Insecticide Residues in Bivalves and Their Associated Risks in Taiwan |
title_full_unstemmed | Quinolone and Organophosphorus Insecticide Residues in Bivalves and Their Associated Risks in Taiwan |
title_short | Quinolone and Organophosphorus Insecticide Residues in Bivalves and Their Associated Risks in Taiwan |
title_sort | quinolone and organophosphorus insecticide residues in bivalves and their associated risks in taiwan |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7465073/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32785084 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25163636 |
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