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The Emerging Role of Galectins and O-GlcNAc Homeostasis in Processes of Cellular Differentiation

Galectins are a family of soluble β-galactoside-binding proteins with diverse glycan-dependent and glycan-independent functions outside and inside the cell. Human cells express twelve out of sixteen recognized mammalian galectin genes and their expression profiles are very different between cell typ...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Tazhitdinova, Rada, Timoshenko, Alexander V.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7465113/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32731422
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9081792
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author Tazhitdinova, Rada
Timoshenko, Alexander V.
author_facet Tazhitdinova, Rada
Timoshenko, Alexander V.
author_sort Tazhitdinova, Rada
collection PubMed
description Galectins are a family of soluble β-galactoside-binding proteins with diverse glycan-dependent and glycan-independent functions outside and inside the cell. Human cells express twelve out of sixteen recognized mammalian galectin genes and their expression profiles are very different between cell types and tissues. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the changes in the expression of individual galectins at mRNA and protein levels in different types of differentiating cells and the effects of recombinant galectins on cellular differentiation. A new model of galectin regulation is proposed considering the change in O-GlcNAc homeostasis between progenitor/stem cells and mature differentiated cells. The recognition of galectins as regulatory factors controlling cell differentiation and self-renewal is essential for developmental and cancer biology to develop innovative strategies for prevention and targeted treatment of proliferative diseases, tissue regeneration, and stem-cell therapy.
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spelling pubmed-74651132020-09-04 The Emerging Role of Galectins and O-GlcNAc Homeostasis in Processes of Cellular Differentiation Tazhitdinova, Rada Timoshenko, Alexander V. Cells Review Galectins are a family of soluble β-galactoside-binding proteins with diverse glycan-dependent and glycan-independent functions outside and inside the cell. Human cells express twelve out of sixteen recognized mammalian galectin genes and their expression profiles are very different between cell types and tissues. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the changes in the expression of individual galectins at mRNA and protein levels in different types of differentiating cells and the effects of recombinant galectins on cellular differentiation. A new model of galectin regulation is proposed considering the change in O-GlcNAc homeostasis between progenitor/stem cells and mature differentiated cells. The recognition of galectins as regulatory factors controlling cell differentiation and self-renewal is essential for developmental and cancer biology to develop innovative strategies for prevention and targeted treatment of proliferative diseases, tissue regeneration, and stem-cell therapy. MDPI 2020-07-28 /pmc/articles/PMC7465113/ /pubmed/32731422 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9081792 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Tazhitdinova, Rada
Timoshenko, Alexander V.
The Emerging Role of Galectins and O-GlcNAc Homeostasis in Processes of Cellular Differentiation
title The Emerging Role of Galectins and O-GlcNAc Homeostasis in Processes of Cellular Differentiation
title_full The Emerging Role of Galectins and O-GlcNAc Homeostasis in Processes of Cellular Differentiation
title_fullStr The Emerging Role of Galectins and O-GlcNAc Homeostasis in Processes of Cellular Differentiation
title_full_unstemmed The Emerging Role of Galectins and O-GlcNAc Homeostasis in Processes of Cellular Differentiation
title_short The Emerging Role of Galectins and O-GlcNAc Homeostasis in Processes of Cellular Differentiation
title_sort emerging role of galectins and o-glcnac homeostasis in processes of cellular differentiation
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7465113/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32731422
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9081792
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