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The Role of Dendritic Cells in TB and HIV Infection

Dendritic cells are the principal antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in the host defense mechanism. An altered dendritic cell response increases the risk of susceptibility of infections, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), and the survival of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The altered...

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Autores principales: Abrahem, Rachel, Chiang, Emerald, Haquang, Joseph, Nham, Amy, Ting, Yu-Sam, Venketaraman, Vishwanath
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7465216/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32824563
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9082661
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author Abrahem, Rachel
Chiang, Emerald
Haquang, Joseph
Nham, Amy
Ting, Yu-Sam
Venketaraman, Vishwanath
author_facet Abrahem, Rachel
Chiang, Emerald
Haquang, Joseph
Nham, Amy
Ting, Yu-Sam
Venketaraman, Vishwanath
author_sort Abrahem, Rachel
collection PubMed
description Dendritic cells are the principal antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in the host defense mechanism. An altered dendritic cell response increases the risk of susceptibility of infections, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), and the survival of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The altered response of dendritic cells leads to decreased activity of T-helper-1 (Th1), Th2, Regulatory T cells (Tregs), and Th17 cells in tuberculosis (TB) infections due to a diminishment of cytokine release from these APCs, while HIV infection leads to DC maturation, allowing DCs to migrate to lymph nodes and the sub-mucosa where they then transfer HIV to CD4 T cells, although there is controversy around this topic. Increases in the levels of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) plays a critical role in maintaining dendritic cell redox homeostasis, leading to an adequate immune response with sufficient cytokine release and a subsequent robust immune response. Thus, an understanding of the intricate pathways involved in the dendritic cell response are needed to prevent co-infections and co-morbidities in individuals with TB and HIV.
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spelling pubmed-74652162020-09-04 The Role of Dendritic Cells in TB and HIV Infection Abrahem, Rachel Chiang, Emerald Haquang, Joseph Nham, Amy Ting, Yu-Sam Venketaraman, Vishwanath J Clin Med Review Dendritic cells are the principal antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in the host defense mechanism. An altered dendritic cell response increases the risk of susceptibility of infections, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), and the survival of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The altered response of dendritic cells leads to decreased activity of T-helper-1 (Th1), Th2, Regulatory T cells (Tregs), and Th17 cells in tuberculosis (TB) infections due to a diminishment of cytokine release from these APCs, while HIV infection leads to DC maturation, allowing DCs to migrate to lymph nodes and the sub-mucosa where they then transfer HIV to CD4 T cells, although there is controversy around this topic. Increases in the levels of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) plays a critical role in maintaining dendritic cell redox homeostasis, leading to an adequate immune response with sufficient cytokine release and a subsequent robust immune response. Thus, an understanding of the intricate pathways involved in the dendritic cell response are needed to prevent co-infections and co-morbidities in individuals with TB and HIV. MDPI 2020-08-17 /pmc/articles/PMC7465216/ /pubmed/32824563 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9082661 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Abrahem, Rachel
Chiang, Emerald
Haquang, Joseph
Nham, Amy
Ting, Yu-Sam
Venketaraman, Vishwanath
The Role of Dendritic Cells in TB and HIV Infection
title The Role of Dendritic Cells in TB and HIV Infection
title_full The Role of Dendritic Cells in TB and HIV Infection
title_fullStr The Role of Dendritic Cells in TB and HIV Infection
title_full_unstemmed The Role of Dendritic Cells in TB and HIV Infection
title_short The Role of Dendritic Cells in TB and HIV Infection
title_sort role of dendritic cells in tb and hiv infection
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7465216/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32824563
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9082661
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