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The Role of Dendritic Cells in TB and HIV Infection
Dendritic cells are the principal antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in the host defense mechanism. An altered dendritic cell response increases the risk of susceptibility of infections, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), and the survival of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The altered...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7465216/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32824563 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9082661 |
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author | Abrahem, Rachel Chiang, Emerald Haquang, Joseph Nham, Amy Ting, Yu-Sam Venketaraman, Vishwanath |
author_facet | Abrahem, Rachel Chiang, Emerald Haquang, Joseph Nham, Amy Ting, Yu-Sam Venketaraman, Vishwanath |
author_sort | Abrahem, Rachel |
collection | PubMed |
description | Dendritic cells are the principal antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in the host defense mechanism. An altered dendritic cell response increases the risk of susceptibility of infections, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), and the survival of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The altered response of dendritic cells leads to decreased activity of T-helper-1 (Th1), Th2, Regulatory T cells (Tregs), and Th17 cells in tuberculosis (TB) infections due to a diminishment of cytokine release from these APCs, while HIV infection leads to DC maturation, allowing DCs to migrate to lymph nodes and the sub-mucosa where they then transfer HIV to CD4 T cells, although there is controversy around this topic. Increases in the levels of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) plays a critical role in maintaining dendritic cell redox homeostasis, leading to an adequate immune response with sufficient cytokine release and a subsequent robust immune response. Thus, an understanding of the intricate pathways involved in the dendritic cell response are needed to prevent co-infections and co-morbidities in individuals with TB and HIV. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7465216 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-74652162020-09-04 The Role of Dendritic Cells in TB and HIV Infection Abrahem, Rachel Chiang, Emerald Haquang, Joseph Nham, Amy Ting, Yu-Sam Venketaraman, Vishwanath J Clin Med Review Dendritic cells are the principal antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in the host defense mechanism. An altered dendritic cell response increases the risk of susceptibility of infections, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), and the survival of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The altered response of dendritic cells leads to decreased activity of T-helper-1 (Th1), Th2, Regulatory T cells (Tregs), and Th17 cells in tuberculosis (TB) infections due to a diminishment of cytokine release from these APCs, while HIV infection leads to DC maturation, allowing DCs to migrate to lymph nodes and the sub-mucosa where they then transfer HIV to CD4 T cells, although there is controversy around this topic. Increases in the levels of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) plays a critical role in maintaining dendritic cell redox homeostasis, leading to an adequate immune response with sufficient cytokine release and a subsequent robust immune response. Thus, an understanding of the intricate pathways involved in the dendritic cell response are needed to prevent co-infections and co-morbidities in individuals with TB and HIV. MDPI 2020-08-17 /pmc/articles/PMC7465216/ /pubmed/32824563 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9082661 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Abrahem, Rachel Chiang, Emerald Haquang, Joseph Nham, Amy Ting, Yu-Sam Venketaraman, Vishwanath The Role of Dendritic Cells in TB and HIV Infection |
title | The Role of Dendritic Cells in TB and HIV Infection |
title_full | The Role of Dendritic Cells in TB and HIV Infection |
title_fullStr | The Role of Dendritic Cells in TB and HIV Infection |
title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Dendritic Cells in TB and HIV Infection |
title_short | The Role of Dendritic Cells in TB and HIV Infection |
title_sort | role of dendritic cells in tb and hiv infection |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7465216/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32824563 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9082661 |
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