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Barriers and facilitators to primary health care for people with intellectual disabilities and/or autism: an integrative review

BACKGROUND: Globally, people with intellectual disabilities and/or autism experience health inequalities. Death occurs at a younger age and the prevalence of long-term morbidities is higher than in the general population. Despite this, their primary healthcare access rates are lower than the general...

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Autores principales: Doherty, Alison Jayne, Atherton, Helen, Boland, Paul, Hastings, Richard, Hives, Lucy, Hood, Kerry, James-Jenkinson, Lynn, Leavey, Ralph, Randell, Elizabeth, Reed, Janet, Taggart, Laurence, Wilson, Neil, Chauhan, Umesh
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Royal College of General Practitioners 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7465578/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32605913
http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgpopen20X101030
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author Doherty, Alison Jayne
Atherton, Helen
Boland, Paul
Hastings, Richard
Hives, Lucy
Hood, Kerry
James-Jenkinson, Lynn
Leavey, Ralph
Randell, Elizabeth
Reed, Janet
Taggart, Laurence
Wilson, Neil
Chauhan, Umesh
author_facet Doherty, Alison Jayne
Atherton, Helen
Boland, Paul
Hastings, Richard
Hives, Lucy
Hood, Kerry
James-Jenkinson, Lynn
Leavey, Ralph
Randell, Elizabeth
Reed, Janet
Taggart, Laurence
Wilson, Neil
Chauhan, Umesh
author_sort Doherty, Alison Jayne
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Globally, people with intellectual disabilities and/or autism experience health inequalities. Death occurs at a younger age and the prevalence of long-term morbidities is higher than in the general population. Despite this, their primary healthcare access rates are lower than the general population, their health needs are often unmet, and their views and experiences are frequently overlooked in research, policy, and practice. AIM: To investigate the barriers and facilitators reported by individuals with intellectual disabilities, autism, or both, and/or their carers, to accessing and utilising primary health care for their physical and mental health needs. DESIGN & SETTING: An integrative review was undertaken, which used systematic review methodology. METHOD: Electronic databases MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), and Cochrane were searched for relevant studies (all languages) using a search strategy. Two researchers independently screened the results and assessed the quality of the studies. RESULTS: Sixty-three international studies were identified. Six main themes relating to barriers and facilitators emerged from an analysis of these studies. The main themes were: training; knowledge and awareness; communication; fear and embarrassment; involvement in healthcare decision-making; and time. All the themes were underpinned by the need for greater care, dignity, respect, collaborative relationships, and reasonable adjustments. Opposing barriers and facilitators were identified within each of the main themes. CONCLUSION: Adolescents and adults with intellectual disabilities and/or autism experience several barriers to accessing and utilising primary health care. The findings highlight the reasonable adjustments and facilitators that can be implemented to ensure that these individuals are not excluded from primary health care.
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spelling pubmed-74655782020-09-10 Barriers and facilitators to primary health care for people with intellectual disabilities and/or autism: an integrative review Doherty, Alison Jayne Atherton, Helen Boland, Paul Hastings, Richard Hives, Lucy Hood, Kerry James-Jenkinson, Lynn Leavey, Ralph Randell, Elizabeth Reed, Janet Taggart, Laurence Wilson, Neil Chauhan, Umesh BJGP Open Research BACKGROUND: Globally, people with intellectual disabilities and/or autism experience health inequalities. Death occurs at a younger age and the prevalence of long-term morbidities is higher than in the general population. Despite this, their primary healthcare access rates are lower than the general population, their health needs are often unmet, and their views and experiences are frequently overlooked in research, policy, and practice. AIM: To investigate the barriers and facilitators reported by individuals with intellectual disabilities, autism, or both, and/or their carers, to accessing and utilising primary health care for their physical and mental health needs. DESIGN & SETTING: An integrative review was undertaken, which used systematic review methodology. METHOD: Electronic databases MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), and Cochrane were searched for relevant studies (all languages) using a search strategy. Two researchers independently screened the results and assessed the quality of the studies. RESULTS: Sixty-three international studies were identified. Six main themes relating to barriers and facilitators emerged from an analysis of these studies. The main themes were: training; knowledge and awareness; communication; fear and embarrassment; involvement in healthcare decision-making; and time. All the themes were underpinned by the need for greater care, dignity, respect, collaborative relationships, and reasonable adjustments. Opposing barriers and facilitators were identified within each of the main themes. CONCLUSION: Adolescents and adults with intellectual disabilities and/or autism experience several barriers to accessing and utilising primary health care. The findings highlight the reasonable adjustments and facilitators that can be implemented to ensure that these individuals are not excluded from primary health care. Royal College of General Practitioners 2020-07-01 /pmc/articles/PMC7465578/ /pubmed/32605913 http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgpopen20X101030 Text en Copyright © 2020, The Authors https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This article is Open Access: CC BY license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
spellingShingle Research
Doherty, Alison Jayne
Atherton, Helen
Boland, Paul
Hastings, Richard
Hives, Lucy
Hood, Kerry
James-Jenkinson, Lynn
Leavey, Ralph
Randell, Elizabeth
Reed, Janet
Taggart, Laurence
Wilson, Neil
Chauhan, Umesh
Barriers and facilitators to primary health care for people with intellectual disabilities and/or autism: an integrative review
title Barriers and facilitators to primary health care for people with intellectual disabilities and/or autism: an integrative review
title_full Barriers and facilitators to primary health care for people with intellectual disabilities and/or autism: an integrative review
title_fullStr Barriers and facilitators to primary health care for people with intellectual disabilities and/or autism: an integrative review
title_full_unstemmed Barriers and facilitators to primary health care for people with intellectual disabilities and/or autism: an integrative review
title_short Barriers and facilitators to primary health care for people with intellectual disabilities and/or autism: an integrative review
title_sort barriers and facilitators to primary health care for people with intellectual disabilities and/or autism: an integrative review
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7465578/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32605913
http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgpopen20X101030
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