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The Need for Red Cell Support During Non-Cardiac Surgery Is Associated to Pre-Transfusion Levels of FXIII and the Platelet Count

Unexpected intraoperative bleeding is associated with a reduced availability of crosslinking capacity (provided through factor XIII (FXIII)) per unit of generated thrombin. Furthermore, FXIII deficiency and thrombocytopenia (but not fibrinogen deficiency) are the most prevalent modulators of clot fi...

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Autores principales: Listyo, Silke, Forrest, Eric, Graf, Lukas, Korte, Wolfgang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7465630/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32751988
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9082456
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author Listyo, Silke
Forrest, Eric
Graf, Lukas
Korte, Wolfgang
author_facet Listyo, Silke
Forrest, Eric
Graf, Lukas
Korte, Wolfgang
author_sort Listyo, Silke
collection PubMed
description Unexpected intraoperative bleeding is associated with a reduced availability of crosslinking capacity (provided through factor XIII (FXIII)) per unit of generated thrombin. Furthermore, FXIII deficiency and thrombocytopenia (but not fibrinogen deficiency) are the most prevalent modulators of clot firmness in the immediate postoperative setting. In this study, we therefore evaluated whether levels of FXIII, fibrinogen, or the platelet count influenced the probability of intraoperative red cell transfusions in patients in the operating theatre. This retrospective study was comprised of 1023 patients, which were in need of blood product support in the operating theatre and of which 443 received red cell transfusions. Due to standard operating procedures, FXIII activity, fibrinogen concentration, and platelet count were measured before transfusion took place, but without influencing the decision to transfuse. FXIII deficiency was frequent (50%), as was thrombocytopenia (49%), but not fibrinogen deficiency (9%). FXIII deficiency was associated with a significantly increased probability to receive red cell transfusions (OR 4.58, 95% CI 3.46–6.05) as was thrombocytopenia (OR 1.94, 95% CI 1.47–2.56), but not fibrinogen deficiency (OR 1.09, 95% CI 0.67–1.76). Similar results were seen for cut-off independent evaluations (receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves, using continuously distributed variables), where the areas under the curves (AUC) of red cell transfusion for FXIII activity was 0.744 (95% CI 0.716–0.770)/0.632 (95% CI 0.601–0.661) for the platelet count, and 0.578 (95% CI 0.547–0.609) for fibrinogen concentration. All AUCs were significantly different from each other (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0106, respectively), indicating that FXIII activity was a significantly better predictor of red blood cell (RBC) transfusion than platelet count and fibrinogen concentration. These results suggest that pre-transfusion FXIII activity and to a lesser extent the platelet count influence the probability of intraoperative red cell transfusions. Modifying FXIII activity and/or the platelet count might influence the need for downstream red cell transfusion, thus potentially reducing transfusion associated morbidity. This, however, needs confirmation in future studies.
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spelling pubmed-74656302020-09-04 The Need for Red Cell Support During Non-Cardiac Surgery Is Associated to Pre-Transfusion Levels of FXIII and the Platelet Count Listyo, Silke Forrest, Eric Graf, Lukas Korte, Wolfgang J Clin Med Article Unexpected intraoperative bleeding is associated with a reduced availability of crosslinking capacity (provided through factor XIII (FXIII)) per unit of generated thrombin. Furthermore, FXIII deficiency and thrombocytopenia (but not fibrinogen deficiency) are the most prevalent modulators of clot firmness in the immediate postoperative setting. In this study, we therefore evaluated whether levels of FXIII, fibrinogen, or the platelet count influenced the probability of intraoperative red cell transfusions in patients in the operating theatre. This retrospective study was comprised of 1023 patients, which were in need of blood product support in the operating theatre and of which 443 received red cell transfusions. Due to standard operating procedures, FXIII activity, fibrinogen concentration, and platelet count were measured before transfusion took place, but without influencing the decision to transfuse. FXIII deficiency was frequent (50%), as was thrombocytopenia (49%), but not fibrinogen deficiency (9%). FXIII deficiency was associated with a significantly increased probability to receive red cell transfusions (OR 4.58, 95% CI 3.46–6.05) as was thrombocytopenia (OR 1.94, 95% CI 1.47–2.56), but not fibrinogen deficiency (OR 1.09, 95% CI 0.67–1.76). Similar results were seen for cut-off independent evaluations (receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves, using continuously distributed variables), where the areas under the curves (AUC) of red cell transfusion for FXIII activity was 0.744 (95% CI 0.716–0.770)/0.632 (95% CI 0.601–0.661) for the platelet count, and 0.578 (95% CI 0.547–0.609) for fibrinogen concentration. All AUCs were significantly different from each other (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0106, respectively), indicating that FXIII activity was a significantly better predictor of red blood cell (RBC) transfusion than platelet count and fibrinogen concentration. These results suggest that pre-transfusion FXIII activity and to a lesser extent the platelet count influence the probability of intraoperative red cell transfusions. Modifying FXIII activity and/or the platelet count might influence the need for downstream red cell transfusion, thus potentially reducing transfusion associated morbidity. This, however, needs confirmation in future studies. MDPI 2020-07-31 /pmc/articles/PMC7465630/ /pubmed/32751988 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9082456 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Listyo, Silke
Forrest, Eric
Graf, Lukas
Korte, Wolfgang
The Need for Red Cell Support During Non-Cardiac Surgery Is Associated to Pre-Transfusion Levels of FXIII and the Platelet Count
title The Need for Red Cell Support During Non-Cardiac Surgery Is Associated to Pre-Transfusion Levels of FXIII and the Platelet Count
title_full The Need for Red Cell Support During Non-Cardiac Surgery Is Associated to Pre-Transfusion Levels of FXIII and the Platelet Count
title_fullStr The Need for Red Cell Support During Non-Cardiac Surgery Is Associated to Pre-Transfusion Levels of FXIII and the Platelet Count
title_full_unstemmed The Need for Red Cell Support During Non-Cardiac Surgery Is Associated to Pre-Transfusion Levels of FXIII and the Platelet Count
title_short The Need for Red Cell Support During Non-Cardiac Surgery Is Associated to Pre-Transfusion Levels of FXIII and the Platelet Count
title_sort need for red cell support during non-cardiac surgery is associated to pre-transfusion levels of fxiii and the platelet count
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7465630/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32751988
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9082456
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