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Leishmania Immunity: Advancing Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development

Parasitic diseases still constitute a major global health problem affecting billions of people around the world. These diseases are capable of becoming chronic and result in high morbidity and mortality. Worldwide, millions of people die each year from parasitic diseases, with the bulk of those deat...

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Autores principales: Ikeogu, Nnamdi M., Akaluka, Gloria N., Edechi, Chidalu A., Salako, Enitan S., Onyilagha, Chukwunonso, Barazandeh, Aida F., Uzonna, Jude E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7465679/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32784615
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8081201
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author Ikeogu, Nnamdi M.
Akaluka, Gloria N.
Edechi, Chidalu A.
Salako, Enitan S.
Onyilagha, Chukwunonso
Barazandeh, Aida F.
Uzonna, Jude E.
author_facet Ikeogu, Nnamdi M.
Akaluka, Gloria N.
Edechi, Chidalu A.
Salako, Enitan S.
Onyilagha, Chukwunonso
Barazandeh, Aida F.
Uzonna, Jude E.
author_sort Ikeogu, Nnamdi M.
collection PubMed
description Parasitic diseases still constitute a major global health problem affecting billions of people around the world. These diseases are capable of becoming chronic and result in high morbidity and mortality. Worldwide, millions of people die each year from parasitic diseases, with the bulk of those deaths resulting from parasitic protozoan infections. Leishmaniasis, which is a disease caused by over 20 species of the protozoan parasite belonging to the genus Leishmania, is an important neglected disease. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), an estimated 12 million people are currently infected in about 98 countries and about 2 million new cases occur yearly, resulting in about 50,000 deaths each year. Current treatment methods for leishmaniasis are not very effective and often have significant side effects. In this review, we discussed host immunity to leishmaniasis, various treatment options currently being utilized, and the progress of both immunotherapy and vaccine development strategies used so far in leishmaniasis. We concluded with insights into what the future holds toward the fight against this debilitating parasitic disease.
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spelling pubmed-74656792020-09-04 Leishmania Immunity: Advancing Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development Ikeogu, Nnamdi M. Akaluka, Gloria N. Edechi, Chidalu A. Salako, Enitan S. Onyilagha, Chukwunonso Barazandeh, Aida F. Uzonna, Jude E. Microorganisms Review Parasitic diseases still constitute a major global health problem affecting billions of people around the world. These diseases are capable of becoming chronic and result in high morbidity and mortality. Worldwide, millions of people die each year from parasitic diseases, with the bulk of those deaths resulting from parasitic protozoan infections. Leishmaniasis, which is a disease caused by over 20 species of the protozoan parasite belonging to the genus Leishmania, is an important neglected disease. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), an estimated 12 million people are currently infected in about 98 countries and about 2 million new cases occur yearly, resulting in about 50,000 deaths each year. Current treatment methods for leishmaniasis are not very effective and often have significant side effects. In this review, we discussed host immunity to leishmaniasis, various treatment options currently being utilized, and the progress of both immunotherapy and vaccine development strategies used so far in leishmaniasis. We concluded with insights into what the future holds toward the fight against this debilitating parasitic disease. MDPI 2020-08-07 /pmc/articles/PMC7465679/ /pubmed/32784615 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8081201 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Ikeogu, Nnamdi M.
Akaluka, Gloria N.
Edechi, Chidalu A.
Salako, Enitan S.
Onyilagha, Chukwunonso
Barazandeh, Aida F.
Uzonna, Jude E.
Leishmania Immunity: Advancing Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development
title Leishmania Immunity: Advancing Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development
title_full Leishmania Immunity: Advancing Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development
title_fullStr Leishmania Immunity: Advancing Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development
title_full_unstemmed Leishmania Immunity: Advancing Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development
title_short Leishmania Immunity: Advancing Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development
title_sort leishmania immunity: advancing immunotherapy and vaccine development
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7465679/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32784615
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8081201
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