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Osimertinib-Associated Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis in a Lung Cancer Patient Harboring an EGFR Mutation—A Case Report and a Review of the Literature

Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) and Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) are life-threatening dermatologic adverse events in the same category, caused by a delayed-type drug hypersensitivity reaction. Although skin toxicity is common during treatment with epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase...

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Autores principales: Sato, Izumi, Mizuno, Hiroki, Kataoka, Nobutaka, Kunimatsu, Yusuke, Tachibana, Yusuke, Sugimoto, Takumi, Tani, Nozomi, Ogura, Yuri, Hirose, Kazuki, Takeda, Takayuki
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7466304/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32796633
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina56080403
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author Sato, Izumi
Mizuno, Hiroki
Kataoka, Nobutaka
Kunimatsu, Yusuke
Tachibana, Yusuke
Sugimoto, Takumi
Tani, Nozomi
Ogura, Yuri
Hirose, Kazuki
Takeda, Takayuki
author_facet Sato, Izumi
Mizuno, Hiroki
Kataoka, Nobutaka
Kunimatsu, Yusuke
Tachibana, Yusuke
Sugimoto, Takumi
Tani, Nozomi
Ogura, Yuri
Hirose, Kazuki
Takeda, Takayuki
author_sort Sato, Izumi
collection PubMed
description Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) and Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) are life-threatening dermatologic adverse events in the same category, caused by a delayed-type drug hypersensitivity reaction. Although skin toxicity is common during treatment with epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs), osimertinib-associated TEN is quite rare—thus far, only one report has been published from China. We report a case of an 80-year-old Japanese woman with lung adenocarcinoma harboring an EGFR-sensitizing mutation who was treated with osimertinib as the first-line treatment. Forty-six days after osimertinib induction, diffuse erythematous rash rapidly spread over the patient’s trunk along with vesicles and purpuric macules; furthermore, she developed targetoid erythema on the face. Despite osimertinib discontinuation and corticosteroid treatment, diffuse erythema with Nikolsky’s sign, general epidermal detachment, erosion and loose blisters developed over her entire body including the face. Based on her symptoms, TEN was diagnosed and thus, intravenous immunoglobulin was immediately administered for 4 days. The treatment ameliorated TEN-associated skin toxicity and caused epithelialization. Reports on osimertinib-associated SJS/TEN are scarce and only one report each on SJS and TEN from China is available. This is the first report of osimertinib-associated TEN from Japan. Cases of EGFR-TKI-associated SJS/TEN have been reported predominantly from Asian countries, suggesting ethnicity and genetic linkage play a role in the underlying mechanism.
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spelling pubmed-74663042020-09-14 Osimertinib-Associated Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis in a Lung Cancer Patient Harboring an EGFR Mutation—A Case Report and a Review of the Literature Sato, Izumi Mizuno, Hiroki Kataoka, Nobutaka Kunimatsu, Yusuke Tachibana, Yusuke Sugimoto, Takumi Tani, Nozomi Ogura, Yuri Hirose, Kazuki Takeda, Takayuki Medicina (Kaunas) Case Report Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) and Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) are life-threatening dermatologic adverse events in the same category, caused by a delayed-type drug hypersensitivity reaction. Although skin toxicity is common during treatment with epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs), osimertinib-associated TEN is quite rare—thus far, only one report has been published from China. We report a case of an 80-year-old Japanese woman with lung adenocarcinoma harboring an EGFR-sensitizing mutation who was treated with osimertinib as the first-line treatment. Forty-six days after osimertinib induction, diffuse erythematous rash rapidly spread over the patient’s trunk along with vesicles and purpuric macules; furthermore, she developed targetoid erythema on the face. Despite osimertinib discontinuation and corticosteroid treatment, diffuse erythema with Nikolsky’s sign, general epidermal detachment, erosion and loose blisters developed over her entire body including the face. Based on her symptoms, TEN was diagnosed and thus, intravenous immunoglobulin was immediately administered for 4 days. The treatment ameliorated TEN-associated skin toxicity and caused epithelialization. Reports on osimertinib-associated SJS/TEN are scarce and only one report each on SJS and TEN from China is available. This is the first report of osimertinib-associated TEN from Japan. Cases of EGFR-TKI-associated SJS/TEN have been reported predominantly from Asian countries, suggesting ethnicity and genetic linkage play a role in the underlying mechanism. MDPI 2020-08-11 /pmc/articles/PMC7466304/ /pubmed/32796633 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina56080403 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Case Report
Sato, Izumi
Mizuno, Hiroki
Kataoka, Nobutaka
Kunimatsu, Yusuke
Tachibana, Yusuke
Sugimoto, Takumi
Tani, Nozomi
Ogura, Yuri
Hirose, Kazuki
Takeda, Takayuki
Osimertinib-Associated Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis in a Lung Cancer Patient Harboring an EGFR Mutation—A Case Report and a Review of the Literature
title Osimertinib-Associated Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis in a Lung Cancer Patient Harboring an EGFR Mutation—A Case Report and a Review of the Literature
title_full Osimertinib-Associated Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis in a Lung Cancer Patient Harboring an EGFR Mutation—A Case Report and a Review of the Literature
title_fullStr Osimertinib-Associated Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis in a Lung Cancer Patient Harboring an EGFR Mutation—A Case Report and a Review of the Literature
title_full_unstemmed Osimertinib-Associated Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis in a Lung Cancer Patient Harboring an EGFR Mutation—A Case Report and a Review of the Literature
title_short Osimertinib-Associated Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis in a Lung Cancer Patient Harboring an EGFR Mutation—A Case Report and a Review of the Literature
title_sort osimertinib-associated toxic epidermal necrolysis in a lung cancer patient harboring an egfr mutation—a case report and a review of the literature
topic Case Report
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7466304/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32796633
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina56080403
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