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Aspects of Dietary Diversity Changes across Adulthood in Racially Diverse Adults

Knowledge of various aspects of dietary diversity (DD)—an essential healthful dietary component—across adulthood is limited. This study examined three DD aspects over time in racially diverse adults. Participants were from the National Institute on Aging, Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity...

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Autores principales: Rawal, Rita, Kuczmarski, Marie Fanelli, Cotugna, Nancy, Brewer, Benjamin C., Beydoun, May A., Hughes, Virginia C., Zonderman, Alan B., Evans, Michele K.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7468858/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32824163
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12082455
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author Rawal, Rita
Kuczmarski, Marie Fanelli
Cotugna, Nancy
Brewer, Benjamin C.
Beydoun, May A.
Hughes, Virginia C.
Zonderman, Alan B.
Evans, Michele K.
author_facet Rawal, Rita
Kuczmarski, Marie Fanelli
Cotugna, Nancy
Brewer, Benjamin C.
Beydoun, May A.
Hughes, Virginia C.
Zonderman, Alan B.
Evans, Michele K.
author_sort Rawal, Rita
collection PubMed
description Knowledge of various aspects of dietary diversity (DD)—an essential healthful dietary component—across adulthood is limited. This study examined three DD aspects over time in racially diverse adults. Participants were from the National Institute on Aging, Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span study. DD measures were calculated at baseline (N = 2177), and first and second examination follow-ups (N = 2140 and N = 2066, respectively) using two 24-h recalls. The count was based on the consumption of ≥50% of an equivalent from 21 food groups. Evenness was derived using the Berry-Index adjusted by the food’s health value; dissimilarity, by Mahalanobis Distance. Mixed-effects linear regression models were conducted to test changes in DD across adulthood, adjusting for sex, race, poverty status and education as fixed effects, and adjusting for smoking, age and energy as time-dependent variables. Only dissimilarity showed significant interactions of time × race (p = 0.0005), and time × poverty status (p = 0.0325), indicating a slower rate of increase over time in dissimilarity scores among Whites compared with African–Americans and those with income >125% poverty versus <125% poverty. A significant interaction between time×energy (p < 0.0001) was noted for both evenness and dissimilarity scores. To our knowledge, this is the first study to document the differential change in dissimilarity scores by race and income over time.
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spelling pubmed-74688582020-09-04 Aspects of Dietary Diversity Changes across Adulthood in Racially Diverse Adults Rawal, Rita Kuczmarski, Marie Fanelli Cotugna, Nancy Brewer, Benjamin C. Beydoun, May A. Hughes, Virginia C. Zonderman, Alan B. Evans, Michele K. Nutrients Article Knowledge of various aspects of dietary diversity (DD)—an essential healthful dietary component—across adulthood is limited. This study examined three DD aspects over time in racially diverse adults. Participants were from the National Institute on Aging, Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span study. DD measures were calculated at baseline (N = 2177), and first and second examination follow-ups (N = 2140 and N = 2066, respectively) using two 24-h recalls. The count was based on the consumption of ≥50% of an equivalent from 21 food groups. Evenness was derived using the Berry-Index adjusted by the food’s health value; dissimilarity, by Mahalanobis Distance. Mixed-effects linear regression models were conducted to test changes in DD across adulthood, adjusting for sex, race, poverty status and education as fixed effects, and adjusting for smoking, age and energy as time-dependent variables. Only dissimilarity showed significant interactions of time × race (p = 0.0005), and time × poverty status (p = 0.0325), indicating a slower rate of increase over time in dissimilarity scores among Whites compared with African–Americans and those with income >125% poverty versus <125% poverty. A significant interaction between time×energy (p < 0.0001) was noted for both evenness and dissimilarity scores. To our knowledge, this is the first study to document the differential change in dissimilarity scores by race and income over time. MDPI 2020-08-15 /pmc/articles/PMC7468858/ /pubmed/32824163 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12082455 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Rawal, Rita
Kuczmarski, Marie Fanelli
Cotugna, Nancy
Brewer, Benjamin C.
Beydoun, May A.
Hughes, Virginia C.
Zonderman, Alan B.
Evans, Michele K.
Aspects of Dietary Diversity Changes across Adulthood in Racially Diverse Adults
title Aspects of Dietary Diversity Changes across Adulthood in Racially Diverse Adults
title_full Aspects of Dietary Diversity Changes across Adulthood in Racially Diverse Adults
title_fullStr Aspects of Dietary Diversity Changes across Adulthood in Racially Diverse Adults
title_full_unstemmed Aspects of Dietary Diversity Changes across Adulthood in Racially Diverse Adults
title_short Aspects of Dietary Diversity Changes across Adulthood in Racially Diverse Adults
title_sort aspects of dietary diversity changes across adulthood in racially diverse adults
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7468858/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32824163
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12082455
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