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Nationwide Results of COVID-19 Contact Tracing in South Korea: Individual Participant Data From an Epidemiological Survey

BACKGROUND: Evidence regarding the effectiveness of contact tracing of COVID-19 and the related social distancing is limited and inconclusive. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in South Korea and evaluate whether a social distanc...

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Autores principales: Lee, Seung Won, Yuh, Woon Tak, Yang, Jee Myung, Cho, Yoon-Sik, Yoo, In Kyung, Koh, Hyun Yong, Marshall, Dominic, Oh, Donghwan, Ha, Eun Kyo, Han, Man Yong, Yon, Dong Keon
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: JMIR Publications 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7470235/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32784189
http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/20992
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author Lee, Seung Won
Yuh, Woon Tak
Yang, Jee Myung
Cho, Yoon-Sik
Yoo, In Kyung
Koh, Hyun Yong
Marshall, Dominic
Oh, Donghwan
Ha, Eun Kyo
Han, Man Yong
Yon, Dong Keon
author_facet Lee, Seung Won
Yuh, Woon Tak
Yang, Jee Myung
Cho, Yoon-Sik
Yoo, In Kyung
Koh, Hyun Yong
Marshall, Dominic
Oh, Donghwan
Ha, Eun Kyo
Han, Man Yong
Yon, Dong Keon
author_sort Lee, Seung Won
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Evidence regarding the effectiveness of contact tracing of COVID-19 and the related social distancing is limited and inconclusive. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in South Korea and evaluate whether a social distancing campaign is effective in mitigating the spread of COVID-19. METHODS: We used contract tracing data to investigate the epidemic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in South Korea and evaluate whether a social distancing campaign was effective in mitigating the spread of COVID-19. We calculated the mortality rate for COVID-19 by infection type (cluster vs noncluster) and tested whether new confirmed COVID-19 trends changed after a social distancing campaign. RESULTS: There were 2537 patients with confirmed COVID-19 who completed the epidemiologic survey: 1305 (51.4%) cluster cases and 1232 (48.6%) noncluster cases. The mortality rate was significantly higher in cluster cases linked to medical facilities (11/143, 7.70% vs 5/1232, 0.41%; adjusted percentage difference 7.99%; 95% CI 5.83 to 10.14) and long-term care facilities (19/221, 8.60% vs 5/1232, 0.41%; adjusted percentage difference 7.56%; 95% CI 5.66 to 9.47) than in noncluster cases. The change in trends of newly confirmed COVID-19 cases before and after the social distancing campaign was significantly negative in the entire cohort (adjusted trend difference –2.28; 95% CI –3.88 to –0.68) and the cluster infection group (adjusted trend difference –0.96; 95% CI –1.83 to –0.09). CONCLUSIONS: In a nationwide contact tracing study in South Korea, COVID-19 linked to medical and long-term care facilities significantly increased the risk of mortality compared to noncluster COVID-19. A social distancing campaign decreased the spread of COVID-19 in South Korea and differentially affected cluster infections of SARS-CoV-2.
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spelling pubmed-74702352020-09-17 Nationwide Results of COVID-19 Contact Tracing in South Korea: Individual Participant Data From an Epidemiological Survey Lee, Seung Won Yuh, Woon Tak Yang, Jee Myung Cho, Yoon-Sik Yoo, In Kyung Koh, Hyun Yong Marshall, Dominic Oh, Donghwan Ha, Eun Kyo Han, Man Yong Yon, Dong Keon JMIR Med Inform Original Paper BACKGROUND: Evidence regarding the effectiveness of contact tracing of COVID-19 and the related social distancing is limited and inconclusive. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in South Korea and evaluate whether a social distancing campaign is effective in mitigating the spread of COVID-19. METHODS: We used contract tracing data to investigate the epidemic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in South Korea and evaluate whether a social distancing campaign was effective in mitigating the spread of COVID-19. We calculated the mortality rate for COVID-19 by infection type (cluster vs noncluster) and tested whether new confirmed COVID-19 trends changed after a social distancing campaign. RESULTS: There were 2537 patients with confirmed COVID-19 who completed the epidemiologic survey: 1305 (51.4%) cluster cases and 1232 (48.6%) noncluster cases. The mortality rate was significantly higher in cluster cases linked to medical facilities (11/143, 7.70% vs 5/1232, 0.41%; adjusted percentage difference 7.99%; 95% CI 5.83 to 10.14) and long-term care facilities (19/221, 8.60% vs 5/1232, 0.41%; adjusted percentage difference 7.56%; 95% CI 5.66 to 9.47) than in noncluster cases. The change in trends of newly confirmed COVID-19 cases before and after the social distancing campaign was significantly negative in the entire cohort (adjusted trend difference –2.28; 95% CI –3.88 to –0.68) and the cluster infection group (adjusted trend difference –0.96; 95% CI –1.83 to –0.09). CONCLUSIONS: In a nationwide contact tracing study in South Korea, COVID-19 linked to medical and long-term care facilities significantly increased the risk of mortality compared to noncluster COVID-19. A social distancing campaign decreased the spread of COVID-19 in South Korea and differentially affected cluster infections of SARS-CoV-2. JMIR Publications 2020-08-25 /pmc/articles/PMC7470235/ /pubmed/32784189 http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/20992 Text en ©Seung Won Lee, Woon Tak Yuh, Jee Myung Yang, Yoon-Sik Cho, In Kyung Yoo, Hyun Yong Koh, Dominic Marshall, Donghwan Oh, Eun Kyo Ha, Man Yong Han, Dong Keon Yon. Originally published in JMIR Medical Informatics (http://medinform.jmir.org), 25.08.2020. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in JMIR Medical Informatics, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on http://medinform.jmir.org/, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.
spellingShingle Original Paper
Lee, Seung Won
Yuh, Woon Tak
Yang, Jee Myung
Cho, Yoon-Sik
Yoo, In Kyung
Koh, Hyun Yong
Marshall, Dominic
Oh, Donghwan
Ha, Eun Kyo
Han, Man Yong
Yon, Dong Keon
Nationwide Results of COVID-19 Contact Tracing in South Korea: Individual Participant Data From an Epidemiological Survey
title Nationwide Results of COVID-19 Contact Tracing in South Korea: Individual Participant Data From an Epidemiological Survey
title_full Nationwide Results of COVID-19 Contact Tracing in South Korea: Individual Participant Data From an Epidemiological Survey
title_fullStr Nationwide Results of COVID-19 Contact Tracing in South Korea: Individual Participant Data From an Epidemiological Survey
title_full_unstemmed Nationwide Results of COVID-19 Contact Tracing in South Korea: Individual Participant Data From an Epidemiological Survey
title_short Nationwide Results of COVID-19 Contact Tracing in South Korea: Individual Participant Data From an Epidemiological Survey
title_sort nationwide results of covid-19 contact tracing in south korea: individual participant data from an epidemiological survey
topic Original Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7470235/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32784189
http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/20992
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