The Effects of Platelet-Rich and Platelet-Poor Plasma on Biological Characteristics of BM-MSCs In Vitro

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and its byproduct platelet-poor plasma (PPP) are rich sources of cytokines in tissue damage repair. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) have received more and more attention for their ability to treat multiple diseases. The purpose of our study was to investigate the biologic action of PPP and PRP on BM-MSCs. The adipogenic potential of BM-MSCs revealed no obvious change, but the osteogenic ability of BM-MSCs was enhanced after treated with PRP. CCK8 assays and cell colony formation assays showed that PRP promoted cell proliferation, while this effect of PPP was not obvious. No obvious difference was found in cell cycle and apoptosis of BM-MSCs between PRP and PPP treatment. Expression of β-galactosidase, a biological marker of senescence, was decreased upon PRP treatment which indicated that PRP provided significant protection against cellular senescence. The migratory capacity of BM-MSCs was detected by scratch and transwell assays. The results indicated that PRP could affect the migration ability of BM-MSCs. From immunofluorescence detection and western blot, we demonstrated that the level of epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related proteins was changed and several pluripotency marker genes, including Sox2, Sall4, Oct4, and Nanog, were increased. Finally, the expression of the key signal pathway such as PI3K/AKT was examined. Our findings suggested that PRP promoted cell migration of BM-MSCs via stimulating the signaling pathway of PI3K/AKT.