Using the Ilizarov technique to treat limb shortening after replantation of a severed lower limb: a case report

The Ilizarov technique for limb lengthening can solve the problem of shortening deformity due to limb replantation after high-energy injury. However, the specific time-points and speed of limb lengthening and the treatment of complications have been thorny issues. In the present case, a 26-year-old male who presented with 12-cm left limb shortening caused by the replantation of the left severed leg, and then treated with the Ilizarov technique to lengthen it simultaneously on the ends of osteotomy and replanted bone. After the limb length restored to normality, tibia bone transport was performed. Considering the unsatisfactory mineralization of the lengthened segment, the external ring fixator was replaced with a splint for temporary fixation, which accompanied with an angular deformity of the lengthened segment. And then a locking plate plus autologous ilium graft was performed to improve the stability and mineralization of the lengthened bone segment. Finally, left lower limb returned to equal length with right one while standing, and the left ankle joint remained in the functional position. In conclusion, this case showed satisfactory follow-up results in terms of limb function and X-ray images. Our study demonstrated that the Ilizarov technique is an effective treatment for shortening deformity after limb replantation.