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Tumor microenvironment in primary liver tumors: A challenging role of natural killer cells

In the last years, several studies have been focused on elucidate the role of tumor microenvironment (TME) in cancer development and progression. Within TME, cells from adaptive and innate immune system are one of the main abundant components. The dynamic interactions between immune and cancer cells...

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Autores principales: Polidoro, Michela Anna, Mikulak, Joanna, Cazzetta, Valentina, Lleo, Ana, Mavilio, Domenico, Torzilli, Guido, Donadon, Matteo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7476172/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32952338
http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v26.i33.4900
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author Polidoro, Michela Anna
Mikulak, Joanna
Cazzetta, Valentina
Lleo, Ana
Mavilio, Domenico
Torzilli, Guido
Donadon, Matteo
author_facet Polidoro, Michela Anna
Mikulak, Joanna
Cazzetta, Valentina
Lleo, Ana
Mavilio, Domenico
Torzilli, Guido
Donadon, Matteo
author_sort Polidoro, Michela Anna
collection PubMed
description In the last years, several studies have been focused on elucidate the role of tumor microenvironment (TME) in cancer development and progression. Within TME, cells from adaptive and innate immune system are one of the main abundant components. The dynamic interactions between immune and cancer cells lead to the activation of complex molecular mechanisms that sustain tumor growth. This important cross-talk has been elucidate for several kind of tumors and occurs also in patients with liver cancer, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA). Liver is well-known to be an important immunological organ with unique microenvironment. Here, in normal conditions, the rich immune-infiltrating cells cooperate with non-parenchymal cells, such as liver sinusoidal endothelial cells and Kupffer cells, favoring self-tolerance against gut antigens. The presence of underling liver immunosuppressive microenvironment highlights the importance to dissect the interaction between HCC and iCCA cells with immune infiltrating cells, in order to understand how this cross-talk promotes tumor growth. Deeper attention is, in fact, focused on immune-based therapy for these tumors, as promising approach to counteract the intrinsic anti-tumor activity of this microenvironment. In this review, we will examine the key pathways underlying TME cell-cell communications, with deeper focus on the role of natural killer cells in primary liver tumors, such as HCC and iCCA, as new opportunities for immune-based therapeutic strategies.
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spelling pubmed-74761722020-09-18 Tumor microenvironment in primary liver tumors: A challenging role of natural killer cells Polidoro, Michela Anna Mikulak, Joanna Cazzetta, Valentina Lleo, Ana Mavilio, Domenico Torzilli, Guido Donadon, Matteo World J Gastroenterol Review In the last years, several studies have been focused on elucidate the role of tumor microenvironment (TME) in cancer development and progression. Within TME, cells from adaptive and innate immune system are one of the main abundant components. The dynamic interactions between immune and cancer cells lead to the activation of complex molecular mechanisms that sustain tumor growth. This important cross-talk has been elucidate for several kind of tumors and occurs also in patients with liver cancer, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA). Liver is well-known to be an important immunological organ with unique microenvironment. Here, in normal conditions, the rich immune-infiltrating cells cooperate with non-parenchymal cells, such as liver sinusoidal endothelial cells and Kupffer cells, favoring self-tolerance against gut antigens. The presence of underling liver immunosuppressive microenvironment highlights the importance to dissect the interaction between HCC and iCCA cells with immune infiltrating cells, in order to understand how this cross-talk promotes tumor growth. Deeper attention is, in fact, focused on immune-based therapy for these tumors, as promising approach to counteract the intrinsic anti-tumor activity of this microenvironment. In this review, we will examine the key pathways underlying TME cell-cell communications, with deeper focus on the role of natural killer cells in primary liver tumors, such as HCC and iCCA, as new opportunities for immune-based therapeutic strategies. Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2020-09-07 2020-09-07 /pmc/articles/PMC7476172/ /pubmed/32952338 http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v26.i33.4900 Text en ©The Author(s) 2020. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial.
spellingShingle Review
Polidoro, Michela Anna
Mikulak, Joanna
Cazzetta, Valentina
Lleo, Ana
Mavilio, Domenico
Torzilli, Guido
Donadon, Matteo
Tumor microenvironment in primary liver tumors: A challenging role of natural killer cells
title Tumor microenvironment in primary liver tumors: A challenging role of natural killer cells
title_full Tumor microenvironment in primary liver tumors: A challenging role of natural killer cells
title_fullStr Tumor microenvironment in primary liver tumors: A challenging role of natural killer cells
title_full_unstemmed Tumor microenvironment in primary liver tumors: A challenging role of natural killer cells
title_short Tumor microenvironment in primary liver tumors: A challenging role of natural killer cells
title_sort tumor microenvironment in primary liver tumors: a challenging role of natural killer cells
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7476172/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32952338
http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v26.i33.4900
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