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Rosy Beginnings: Studying Peroxisomes in Drosophila

Research using the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster has traditionally focused on understanding how mutations affecting gene regulation or function affect processes linked to animal development. Accordingly, flies have become an essential foundation of modern medical research through repeated contri...

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Autores principales: Pridie, C., Ueda, Kazuki, Simmonds, Andrew J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7477296/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32984330
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2020.00835
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author Pridie, C.
Ueda, Kazuki
Simmonds, Andrew J.
author_facet Pridie, C.
Ueda, Kazuki
Simmonds, Andrew J.
author_sort Pridie, C.
collection PubMed
description Research using the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster has traditionally focused on understanding how mutations affecting gene regulation or function affect processes linked to animal development. Accordingly, flies have become an essential foundation of modern medical research through repeated contributions to our fundamental understanding of how their homologs of human genes function. Peroxisomes are organelles that metabolize lipids and reactive oxygen species like peroxides. However, despite clear linkage of mutations in human genes affecting peroxisomes to developmental defects, for many years fly models were conspicuously absent from the study of peroxisomes. Now, the few early studies linking the Rosy eye color phenotype to peroxisomes in flies have been joined by a growing body of research establishing novel roles for peroxisomes during the development or function of specific tissues or cell types. Similarly, unique properties of cultured fly Schneider 2 cells have advanced our understanding of how peroxisomes move on the cytoskeleton. Here, we profile how those past and more recent Drosophila studies started to link specific effects of peroxisome dysfunction to organ development and highlight the utility of flies as a model for human peroxisomal diseases. We also identify key differences in the function and proliferation of fly peroxisomes compared to yeast or mammals. Finally, we discuss the future of the fly model system for peroxisome research including new techniques that should support identification of additional tissue specific regulation of and roles for peroxisomes.
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spelling pubmed-74772962020-09-26 Rosy Beginnings: Studying Peroxisomes in Drosophila Pridie, C. Ueda, Kazuki Simmonds, Andrew J. Front Cell Dev Biol Cell and Developmental Biology Research using the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster has traditionally focused on understanding how mutations affecting gene regulation or function affect processes linked to animal development. Accordingly, flies have become an essential foundation of modern medical research through repeated contributions to our fundamental understanding of how their homologs of human genes function. Peroxisomes are organelles that metabolize lipids and reactive oxygen species like peroxides. However, despite clear linkage of mutations in human genes affecting peroxisomes to developmental defects, for many years fly models were conspicuously absent from the study of peroxisomes. Now, the few early studies linking the Rosy eye color phenotype to peroxisomes in flies have been joined by a growing body of research establishing novel roles for peroxisomes during the development or function of specific tissues or cell types. Similarly, unique properties of cultured fly Schneider 2 cells have advanced our understanding of how peroxisomes move on the cytoskeleton. Here, we profile how those past and more recent Drosophila studies started to link specific effects of peroxisome dysfunction to organ development and highlight the utility of flies as a model for human peroxisomal diseases. We also identify key differences in the function and proliferation of fly peroxisomes compared to yeast or mammals. Finally, we discuss the future of the fly model system for peroxisome research including new techniques that should support identification of additional tissue specific regulation of and roles for peroxisomes. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-08-25 /pmc/articles/PMC7477296/ /pubmed/32984330 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2020.00835 Text en Copyright © 2020 Pridie, Ueda and Simmonds. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cell and Developmental Biology
Pridie, C.
Ueda, Kazuki
Simmonds, Andrew J.
Rosy Beginnings: Studying Peroxisomes in Drosophila
title Rosy Beginnings: Studying Peroxisomes in Drosophila
title_full Rosy Beginnings: Studying Peroxisomes in Drosophila
title_fullStr Rosy Beginnings: Studying Peroxisomes in Drosophila
title_full_unstemmed Rosy Beginnings: Studying Peroxisomes in Drosophila
title_short Rosy Beginnings: Studying Peroxisomes in Drosophila
title_sort rosy beginnings: studying peroxisomes in drosophila
topic Cell and Developmental Biology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7477296/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32984330
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2020.00835
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