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Connections that characterize callousness: Affective features of psychopathy are associated with personalized patterns of resting-state network connectivity

BACKGROUND: Psychopathic traits are hypothesized to be associated with dysfunction across three resting-state networks: the default mode (DMN), salience (SN), and central executive (CEN). Past work has not considered heterogeneity in the neural networks of individuals who display psychopathic traits...

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Autores principales: Dotterer, Hailey L., Hyde, Luke W., Shaw, Daniel S., Rodgers, Emma L., Forbes, Erika E., Beltz, Adriene M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7479442/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32891038
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102402
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author Dotterer, Hailey L.
Hyde, Luke W.
Shaw, Daniel S.
Rodgers, Emma L.
Forbes, Erika E.
Beltz, Adriene M.
author_facet Dotterer, Hailey L.
Hyde, Luke W.
Shaw, Daniel S.
Rodgers, Emma L.
Forbes, Erika E.
Beltz, Adriene M.
author_sort Dotterer, Hailey L.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Psychopathic traits are hypothesized to be associated with dysfunction across three resting-state networks: the default mode (DMN), salience (SN), and central executive (CEN). Past work has not considered heterogeneity in the neural networks of individuals who display psychopathic traits, which is likely critical in understanding the etiology of psychopathy and could underlie different symptom presentations. Thus, this study maps person-specific resting state networks and links connectivity patterns to features of psychopathy. METHODS: We examined resting-state functional connectivity among eight regions of interest in the DMN, SN, and CEN using a person-specific, sparse network mapping approach (Group Iterative Multiple Model Estimation) in a community sample of 22-year-old men from low-income, urban families (N = 123). Associations were examined between a dimensional measure of psychopathic traits and network density (i.e., number of connections within and between networks). RESULTS: There was significant heterogeneity in neural networks of participants, which were characterized by person-specific connections and no common connections across the sample. Psychopathic traits, particularly affective traits, were associated with connection density between the DMN and CEN, such that greater density was associated with elevated psychopathic traits. DISCUSSION: Findings emphasize that neural networks underlying psychopathy are highly individualized. However, individuals with high levels of psychopathic traits had increased density in connections between the DMN and CEN, networks that have been linked with self-referential thinking and executive functioning. Taken together, the results highlight the utility of person-specific approaches in modeling neural networks underlying psychopathic traits, which could ultimately inform personalized prevention and intervention strategies.
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spelling pubmed-74794422020-09-15 Connections that characterize callousness: Affective features of psychopathy are associated with personalized patterns of resting-state network connectivity Dotterer, Hailey L. Hyde, Luke W. Shaw, Daniel S. Rodgers, Emma L. Forbes, Erika E. Beltz, Adriene M. Neuroimage Clin Regular Article BACKGROUND: Psychopathic traits are hypothesized to be associated with dysfunction across three resting-state networks: the default mode (DMN), salience (SN), and central executive (CEN). Past work has not considered heterogeneity in the neural networks of individuals who display psychopathic traits, which is likely critical in understanding the etiology of psychopathy and could underlie different symptom presentations. Thus, this study maps person-specific resting state networks and links connectivity patterns to features of psychopathy. METHODS: We examined resting-state functional connectivity among eight regions of interest in the DMN, SN, and CEN using a person-specific, sparse network mapping approach (Group Iterative Multiple Model Estimation) in a community sample of 22-year-old men from low-income, urban families (N = 123). Associations were examined between a dimensional measure of psychopathic traits and network density (i.e., number of connections within and between networks). RESULTS: There was significant heterogeneity in neural networks of participants, which were characterized by person-specific connections and no common connections across the sample. Psychopathic traits, particularly affective traits, were associated with connection density between the DMN and CEN, such that greater density was associated with elevated psychopathic traits. DISCUSSION: Findings emphasize that neural networks underlying psychopathy are highly individualized. However, individuals with high levels of psychopathic traits had increased density in connections between the DMN and CEN, networks that have been linked with self-referential thinking and executive functioning. Taken together, the results highlight the utility of person-specific approaches in modeling neural networks underlying psychopathic traits, which could ultimately inform personalized prevention and intervention strategies. Elsevier 2020-08-28 /pmc/articles/PMC7479442/ /pubmed/32891038 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102402 Text en © 2020 The Author(s) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Regular Article
Dotterer, Hailey L.
Hyde, Luke W.
Shaw, Daniel S.
Rodgers, Emma L.
Forbes, Erika E.
Beltz, Adriene M.
Connections that characterize callousness: Affective features of psychopathy are associated with personalized patterns of resting-state network connectivity
title Connections that characterize callousness: Affective features of psychopathy are associated with personalized patterns of resting-state network connectivity
title_full Connections that characterize callousness: Affective features of psychopathy are associated with personalized patterns of resting-state network connectivity
title_fullStr Connections that characterize callousness: Affective features of psychopathy are associated with personalized patterns of resting-state network connectivity
title_full_unstemmed Connections that characterize callousness: Affective features of psychopathy are associated with personalized patterns of resting-state network connectivity
title_short Connections that characterize callousness: Affective features of psychopathy are associated with personalized patterns of resting-state network connectivity
title_sort connections that characterize callousness: affective features of psychopathy are associated with personalized patterns of resting-state network connectivity
topic Regular Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7479442/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32891038
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102402
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