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Online Japanese-Language Information on Lifestyle Factors Associated With Reduced Fertility: Content Analysis

BACKGROUND: Approximately one-third of Japanese couples currently worry or previously worried about infertility. To develop strategies for the primary prevention of infertility as a population approach, it is important for the general population to be knowledgeable about fertility and infertility. T...

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Autores principales: Yokota, Rie, Okuhara, Tsuyoshi, Ueno, Haruka, Okada, Hiroko, Furukawa, Emi, Kiuchi, Takahiro
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: JMIR Publications 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7479583/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32840486
http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/19777
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author Yokota, Rie
Okuhara, Tsuyoshi
Ueno, Haruka
Okada, Hiroko
Furukawa, Emi
Kiuchi, Takahiro
author_facet Yokota, Rie
Okuhara, Tsuyoshi
Ueno, Haruka
Okada, Hiroko
Furukawa, Emi
Kiuchi, Takahiro
author_sort Yokota, Rie
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Approximately one-third of Japanese couples currently worry or previously worried about infertility. To develop strategies for the primary prevention of infertility as a population approach, it is important for the general population to be knowledgeable about fertility and infertility. The internet may contribute to the dissemination of information regarding infertility and fertility. However, few studies have examined online information about fertility. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to quantitatively examine online Japanese-language information about lifestyle factors associated with reduced fertility. METHODS: We conducted online searches, using the 10 search terms with the highest numbers of searches that people hoping to conceive are likely to input in two major search engines in Japan (Google Japan and Yahoo! Japan). From the 2200 retrieved websites, 1181 duplicates and 500 websites unrelated to our objective were excluded, resulting in a final dataset of 519 websites. Coding guidelines were developed for the following lifestyle factors associated with reduced fertility: sexually transmitted diseases, psychological stress, cigarette smoking, alcohol use, nutrition and diet, physical activity and exercise, underweight, overweight and obesity, and environmental pollutants. RESULTS: In terms of the website author’s professional expertise, 69.6 % of the coding instances for the selected lifestyle factors were mentioned by hospitals, clinics, or the media, whereas only 1.7% were mentioned by laypersons. Psychological stress (20.1%) and sexually transmitted diseases (18.8%) were the most frequently mentioned lifestyle factors associated with reduced fertility. In contrast, cigarette smoking, alcohol use, nutrition and diet, physical activity and exercise, underweight, overweight and obesity, and environmental pollutants were mentioned relatively infrequently. The association between reduced fertility and sexually transmitted diseases was mentioned significantly more frequently by hospitals and clinics than by the media (P<.001). The association between reduced fertility and nutrition and diet was mentioned significantly more frequently by the media than by hospitals and clinics (P=.008). With regard to the sex of the target audience for the information, female-specific references to psychological stress, sexually transmitted diseases, nutrition and diet, underweight, physical activity and exercise, and overweight and obesity were significantly more frequent than were male-specific references to these lifestyle factors (psychological stress: P=.002, sexually transmitted diseases: P<.001, nutrition and diet: P<.001, underweight: P<.001, physical activity and exercise: P<.001, overweight and obesity: P<.001). CONCLUSIONS: Of the lifestyle factors known to be related to reduced fertility, cigarette smoking, alcohol use, and male-specific lifestyle factors are mentioned relatively infrequently in online information sources in Japan, and these factors should be discussed more in information published on websites.
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spelling pubmed-74795832020-10-02 Online Japanese-Language Information on Lifestyle Factors Associated With Reduced Fertility: Content Analysis Yokota, Rie Okuhara, Tsuyoshi Ueno, Haruka Okada, Hiroko Furukawa, Emi Kiuchi, Takahiro J Med Internet Res Original Paper BACKGROUND: Approximately one-third of Japanese couples currently worry or previously worried about infertility. To develop strategies for the primary prevention of infertility as a population approach, it is important for the general population to be knowledgeable about fertility and infertility. The internet may contribute to the dissemination of information regarding infertility and fertility. However, few studies have examined online information about fertility. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to quantitatively examine online Japanese-language information about lifestyle factors associated with reduced fertility. METHODS: We conducted online searches, using the 10 search terms with the highest numbers of searches that people hoping to conceive are likely to input in two major search engines in Japan (Google Japan and Yahoo! Japan). From the 2200 retrieved websites, 1181 duplicates and 500 websites unrelated to our objective were excluded, resulting in a final dataset of 519 websites. Coding guidelines were developed for the following lifestyle factors associated with reduced fertility: sexually transmitted diseases, psychological stress, cigarette smoking, alcohol use, nutrition and diet, physical activity and exercise, underweight, overweight and obesity, and environmental pollutants. RESULTS: In terms of the website author’s professional expertise, 69.6 % of the coding instances for the selected lifestyle factors were mentioned by hospitals, clinics, or the media, whereas only 1.7% were mentioned by laypersons. Psychological stress (20.1%) and sexually transmitted diseases (18.8%) were the most frequently mentioned lifestyle factors associated with reduced fertility. In contrast, cigarette smoking, alcohol use, nutrition and diet, physical activity and exercise, underweight, overweight and obesity, and environmental pollutants were mentioned relatively infrequently. The association between reduced fertility and sexually transmitted diseases was mentioned significantly more frequently by hospitals and clinics than by the media (P<.001). The association between reduced fertility and nutrition and diet was mentioned significantly more frequently by the media than by hospitals and clinics (P=.008). With regard to the sex of the target audience for the information, female-specific references to psychological stress, sexually transmitted diseases, nutrition and diet, underweight, physical activity and exercise, and overweight and obesity were significantly more frequent than were male-specific references to these lifestyle factors (psychological stress: P=.002, sexually transmitted diseases: P<.001, nutrition and diet: P<.001, underweight: P<.001, physical activity and exercise: P<.001, overweight and obesity: P<.001). CONCLUSIONS: Of the lifestyle factors known to be related to reduced fertility, cigarette smoking, alcohol use, and male-specific lifestyle factors are mentioned relatively infrequently in online information sources in Japan, and these factors should be discussed more in information published on websites. JMIR Publications 2020-08-25 /pmc/articles/PMC7479583/ /pubmed/32840486 http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/19777 Text en ©Rie Yokota, Tsuyoshi Okuhara, Haruka Ueno, Hiroko Okada, Emi Furukawa, Takahiro Kiuchi. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 25.08.2020. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on http://www.jmir.org/, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.
spellingShingle Original Paper
Yokota, Rie
Okuhara, Tsuyoshi
Ueno, Haruka
Okada, Hiroko
Furukawa, Emi
Kiuchi, Takahiro
Online Japanese-Language Information on Lifestyle Factors Associated With Reduced Fertility: Content Analysis
title Online Japanese-Language Information on Lifestyle Factors Associated With Reduced Fertility: Content Analysis
title_full Online Japanese-Language Information on Lifestyle Factors Associated With Reduced Fertility: Content Analysis
title_fullStr Online Japanese-Language Information on Lifestyle Factors Associated With Reduced Fertility: Content Analysis
title_full_unstemmed Online Japanese-Language Information on Lifestyle Factors Associated With Reduced Fertility: Content Analysis
title_short Online Japanese-Language Information on Lifestyle Factors Associated With Reduced Fertility: Content Analysis
title_sort online japanese-language information on lifestyle factors associated with reduced fertility: content analysis
topic Original Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7479583/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32840486
http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/19777
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