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The NLRP3 Inflammasome and Its Role in T1DM

The NLRP3 (nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3) inflammasome is a protein complex expressed in cells. It detects danger signals and induces the production of active caspase-1 and the maturation and release of IL (interleukin)-33, IL-18, IL-1β...

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Autores principales: Sun, Xiaoxiao, Pang, Haipeng, Li, Jiaqi, Luo, Shuoming, Huang, Gan, Li, Xia, Xie, Zhiguo, Zhou, Zhiguang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7481449/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32973739
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.01595
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author Sun, Xiaoxiao
Pang, Haipeng
Li, Jiaqi
Luo, Shuoming
Huang, Gan
Li, Xia
Xie, Zhiguo
Zhou, Zhiguang
author_facet Sun, Xiaoxiao
Pang, Haipeng
Li, Jiaqi
Luo, Shuoming
Huang, Gan
Li, Xia
Xie, Zhiguo
Zhou, Zhiguang
author_sort Sun, Xiaoxiao
collection PubMed
description The NLRP3 (nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3) inflammasome is a protein complex expressed in cells. It detects danger signals and induces the production of active caspase-1 and the maturation and release of IL (interleukin)-33, IL-18, IL-1β and other cytokines. T1DM (type 1 diabetes mellitus) is defined as a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by the autoreactive T cell-mediated elimination of insulin-positive pancreatic beta-cells. Although the exact underlying mechanisms are obscure, researchers have proposed that both environmental and genetic factors are involved in the pathogenesis of T1DM. Furthermore, immune responses, including innate and adaptive immunity, play an important role in this process. Recently, the NLRP3 inflammasome, a critical component of innate immunity, was reported to be associated with T1DM. Here, we review the assembly and function of the NLRP3 inflammasome. In addition, the activation and regulatory mechanisms that enhance or attenuate NLRP3 inflammasome activation are discussed. Finally, we focus on the relationship between the NLRP3 inflammasome and T1DM, as well as its potential value for clinical use.
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spelling pubmed-74814492020-09-23 The NLRP3 Inflammasome and Its Role in T1DM Sun, Xiaoxiao Pang, Haipeng Li, Jiaqi Luo, Shuoming Huang, Gan Li, Xia Xie, Zhiguo Zhou, Zhiguang Front Immunol Immunology The NLRP3 (nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3) inflammasome is a protein complex expressed in cells. It detects danger signals and induces the production of active caspase-1 and the maturation and release of IL (interleukin)-33, IL-18, IL-1β and other cytokines. T1DM (type 1 diabetes mellitus) is defined as a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by the autoreactive T cell-mediated elimination of insulin-positive pancreatic beta-cells. Although the exact underlying mechanisms are obscure, researchers have proposed that both environmental and genetic factors are involved in the pathogenesis of T1DM. Furthermore, immune responses, including innate and adaptive immunity, play an important role in this process. Recently, the NLRP3 inflammasome, a critical component of innate immunity, was reported to be associated with T1DM. Here, we review the assembly and function of the NLRP3 inflammasome. In addition, the activation and regulatory mechanisms that enhance or attenuate NLRP3 inflammasome activation are discussed. Finally, we focus on the relationship between the NLRP3 inflammasome and T1DM, as well as its potential value for clinical use. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-08-27 /pmc/articles/PMC7481449/ /pubmed/32973739 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.01595 Text en Copyright © 2020 Sun, Pang, Li, Luo, Huang, Li, Xie and Zhou. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Sun, Xiaoxiao
Pang, Haipeng
Li, Jiaqi
Luo, Shuoming
Huang, Gan
Li, Xia
Xie, Zhiguo
Zhou, Zhiguang
The NLRP3 Inflammasome and Its Role in T1DM
title The NLRP3 Inflammasome and Its Role in T1DM
title_full The NLRP3 Inflammasome and Its Role in T1DM
title_fullStr The NLRP3 Inflammasome and Its Role in T1DM
title_full_unstemmed The NLRP3 Inflammasome and Its Role in T1DM
title_short The NLRP3 Inflammasome and Its Role in T1DM
title_sort nlrp3 inflammasome and its role in t1dm
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7481449/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32973739
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.01595
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