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A prospective cohort study investigating contributors to mild cognitive impairment in adults with spinal cord injury: study protocol

BACKGROUND: Studies report rates of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in spinal cord injury (SCI) range between 10 and 60%. This broad estimate of MCI in SCI is most likely a result of: (i) inconsistent operationalization of MCI; (ii) heterogeneity among individuals with SCI; (iii) failure to account...

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Autores principales: Sandalic, Danielle, Craig, Ashley, Arora, Mohit, Pozzato, Ilaria, Simpson, Grahame, Gopinath, Bamini, Kaur, Jasbeer, Shetty, Sachin, Weber, Gerard, Cameron, Ian, Tran, Yvonne, Middleton, James
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7484605/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32917161
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12883-020-01899-7
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author Sandalic, Danielle
Craig, Ashley
Arora, Mohit
Pozzato, Ilaria
Simpson, Grahame
Gopinath, Bamini
Kaur, Jasbeer
Shetty, Sachin
Weber, Gerard
Cameron, Ian
Tran, Yvonne
Middleton, James
author_facet Sandalic, Danielle
Craig, Ashley
Arora, Mohit
Pozzato, Ilaria
Simpson, Grahame
Gopinath, Bamini
Kaur, Jasbeer
Shetty, Sachin
Weber, Gerard
Cameron, Ian
Tran, Yvonne
Middleton, James
author_sort Sandalic, Danielle
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Studies report rates of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in spinal cord injury (SCI) range between 10 and 60%. This broad estimate of MCI in SCI is most likely a result of: (i) inconsistent operationalization of MCI; (ii) heterogeneity among individuals with SCI; (iii) failure to account for MCI subtypes, thereby adding to the heterogeneity of samples; and, (iv) poor control for traumatic brain injury (TBI) that obscures differentiation of MCI attributable to TBI versus other factors. There is a paucity of longitudinal studies following the course of MCI in SCI, and none that account for multiple predictors of MCI, including interactions among predictors. METHODS: An inception cohort longitudinal study will assess approximately 100 individuals aged 17–80 years with acute SCI, with measures taken at three timepoints (baseline, 3 months post-baseline, and 12 months post-injury). Data relevant to medical care received within the first 24–48 h of presentation to the emergency department will be analysed, as will measures of cognition, injury characteristics, medical history, personal factors, psychological status, psychosocial functioning, and quality of life. Latent class mixture modelling will determine trajectories for the primary outcome of interest, cognitive functioning and its subtypes, and secondary outcomes of interest such as depression. Multiple regression analyses will identify predictors of MCI and its subtypes. DISCUSSION: The prospective design will reveal change in cognitive functioning across time and unveil different outcome trajectories; thus addressing the lack of knowledge on trajectories of MCI and MCI subtypes in SCI. Through subtyping MCI, we hope to yield groups of cognitively impaired individuals with SCI that are potentially more homogenous and thereby stable and predictable. This is the first study to capture emergency department and acute care diagnostic evidence of mild TBI, which has been poorly controlled in previous studies. Our study will also be the first to distinguish the contribution of TBI from other factors to the development of MCI in individuals with SCI. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was prospectively registered with the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (ACTRN12619001702101) on 3rd December 2019.
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spelling pubmed-74846052020-09-11 A prospective cohort study investigating contributors to mild cognitive impairment in adults with spinal cord injury: study protocol Sandalic, Danielle Craig, Ashley Arora, Mohit Pozzato, Ilaria Simpson, Grahame Gopinath, Bamini Kaur, Jasbeer Shetty, Sachin Weber, Gerard Cameron, Ian Tran, Yvonne Middleton, James BMC Neurol Study Protocol BACKGROUND: Studies report rates of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in spinal cord injury (SCI) range between 10 and 60%. This broad estimate of MCI in SCI is most likely a result of: (i) inconsistent operationalization of MCI; (ii) heterogeneity among individuals with SCI; (iii) failure to account for MCI subtypes, thereby adding to the heterogeneity of samples; and, (iv) poor control for traumatic brain injury (TBI) that obscures differentiation of MCI attributable to TBI versus other factors. There is a paucity of longitudinal studies following the course of MCI in SCI, and none that account for multiple predictors of MCI, including interactions among predictors. METHODS: An inception cohort longitudinal study will assess approximately 100 individuals aged 17–80 years with acute SCI, with measures taken at three timepoints (baseline, 3 months post-baseline, and 12 months post-injury). Data relevant to medical care received within the first 24–48 h of presentation to the emergency department will be analysed, as will measures of cognition, injury characteristics, medical history, personal factors, psychological status, psychosocial functioning, and quality of life. Latent class mixture modelling will determine trajectories for the primary outcome of interest, cognitive functioning and its subtypes, and secondary outcomes of interest such as depression. Multiple regression analyses will identify predictors of MCI and its subtypes. DISCUSSION: The prospective design will reveal change in cognitive functioning across time and unveil different outcome trajectories; thus addressing the lack of knowledge on trajectories of MCI and MCI subtypes in SCI. Through subtyping MCI, we hope to yield groups of cognitively impaired individuals with SCI that are potentially more homogenous and thereby stable and predictable. This is the first study to capture emergency department and acute care diagnostic evidence of mild TBI, which has been poorly controlled in previous studies. Our study will also be the first to distinguish the contribution of TBI from other factors to the development of MCI in individuals with SCI. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was prospectively registered with the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (ACTRN12619001702101) on 3rd December 2019. BioMed Central 2020-09-11 /pmc/articles/PMC7484605/ /pubmed/32917161 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12883-020-01899-7 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Study Protocol
Sandalic, Danielle
Craig, Ashley
Arora, Mohit
Pozzato, Ilaria
Simpson, Grahame
Gopinath, Bamini
Kaur, Jasbeer
Shetty, Sachin
Weber, Gerard
Cameron, Ian
Tran, Yvonne
Middleton, James
A prospective cohort study investigating contributors to mild cognitive impairment in adults with spinal cord injury: study protocol
title A prospective cohort study investigating contributors to mild cognitive impairment in adults with spinal cord injury: study protocol
title_full A prospective cohort study investigating contributors to mild cognitive impairment in adults with spinal cord injury: study protocol
title_fullStr A prospective cohort study investigating contributors to mild cognitive impairment in adults with spinal cord injury: study protocol
title_full_unstemmed A prospective cohort study investigating contributors to mild cognitive impairment in adults with spinal cord injury: study protocol
title_short A prospective cohort study investigating contributors to mild cognitive impairment in adults with spinal cord injury: study protocol
title_sort prospective cohort study investigating contributors to mild cognitive impairment in adults with spinal cord injury: study protocol
topic Study Protocol
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7484605/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32917161
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12883-020-01899-7
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