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Contribution from cross-country skiing, start time and shooting components to the overall and isolated biathlon pursuit race performance

PURPOSE: Biathlon is an Olympic sport combining 3–5 laps of cross-country skiing with rifle shooting, alternating between the prone and standing shooting positions between laps. The individual distance and the sprint are extensively examined whereas the pursuit, with start times based on the sprint...

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Autores principales: Luchsinger, Harri, Kocbach, Jan, Ettema, Gertjan, Sandbakk, Øyvind
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7489554/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32925963
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239057
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author Luchsinger, Harri
Kocbach, Jan
Ettema, Gertjan
Sandbakk, Øyvind
author_facet Luchsinger, Harri
Kocbach, Jan
Ettema, Gertjan
Sandbakk, Øyvind
author_sort Luchsinger, Harri
collection PubMed
description PURPOSE: Biathlon is an Olympic sport combining 3–5 laps of cross-country skiing with rifle shooting, alternating between the prone and standing shooting positions between laps. The individual distance and the sprint are extensively examined whereas the pursuit, with start times based on the sprint results, is unexplored. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the contribution from start time, cross-country skiing time, penalty time, shooting time and range time to the overall and isolated performance in biathlon World Cup pursuit races. METHODS: 38 and 37 stepwise linear regression analyses for each of the races were performed, including 112 and 128 unique athletes where 20 and 13 athletes had more than 20 results within top 30 during the seasons 2011/2012-2015/2016 in men and women, respectively. RESULTS: Start time (i.e. sprint race performance) together with penalty time, explained ~80% of the performance-variance (R(2)) in overall pursuit performance in most races (p<0.01). For isolated pursuit performance, penalty time was the most important component, explaining >54% of the performance-variance in the majority of races, followed by course time (accumulated R(2) = .91-.92) and shooting time (accumulated R(2) = .98-.99) (p<0.01). Approximately the same rankings of factors were found when comparing standardized coefficients and correlation coefficients of the independent variables included in the regression. CONCLUSION: Start time (i.e. sprint race performance) is the most important component for overall pursuit performance in biathlon, whereas shooting performance followed by course time are the most important components for the isolated pursuit race performance.
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spelling pubmed-74895542020-09-22 Contribution from cross-country skiing, start time and shooting components to the overall and isolated biathlon pursuit race performance Luchsinger, Harri Kocbach, Jan Ettema, Gertjan Sandbakk, Øyvind PLoS One Research Article PURPOSE: Biathlon is an Olympic sport combining 3–5 laps of cross-country skiing with rifle shooting, alternating between the prone and standing shooting positions between laps. The individual distance and the sprint are extensively examined whereas the pursuit, with start times based on the sprint results, is unexplored. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the contribution from start time, cross-country skiing time, penalty time, shooting time and range time to the overall and isolated performance in biathlon World Cup pursuit races. METHODS: 38 and 37 stepwise linear regression analyses for each of the races were performed, including 112 and 128 unique athletes where 20 and 13 athletes had more than 20 results within top 30 during the seasons 2011/2012-2015/2016 in men and women, respectively. RESULTS: Start time (i.e. sprint race performance) together with penalty time, explained ~80% of the performance-variance (R(2)) in overall pursuit performance in most races (p<0.01). For isolated pursuit performance, penalty time was the most important component, explaining >54% of the performance-variance in the majority of races, followed by course time (accumulated R(2) = .91-.92) and shooting time (accumulated R(2) = .98-.99) (p<0.01). Approximately the same rankings of factors were found when comparing standardized coefficients and correlation coefficients of the independent variables included in the regression. CONCLUSION: Start time (i.e. sprint race performance) is the most important component for overall pursuit performance in biathlon, whereas shooting performance followed by course time are the most important components for the isolated pursuit race performance. Public Library of Science 2020-09-14 /pmc/articles/PMC7489554/ /pubmed/32925963 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239057 Text en © 2020 Luchsinger et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Luchsinger, Harri
Kocbach, Jan
Ettema, Gertjan
Sandbakk, Øyvind
Contribution from cross-country skiing, start time and shooting components to the overall and isolated biathlon pursuit race performance
title Contribution from cross-country skiing, start time and shooting components to the overall and isolated biathlon pursuit race performance
title_full Contribution from cross-country skiing, start time and shooting components to the overall and isolated biathlon pursuit race performance
title_fullStr Contribution from cross-country skiing, start time and shooting components to the overall and isolated biathlon pursuit race performance
title_full_unstemmed Contribution from cross-country skiing, start time and shooting components to the overall and isolated biathlon pursuit race performance
title_short Contribution from cross-country skiing, start time and shooting components to the overall and isolated biathlon pursuit race performance
title_sort contribution from cross-country skiing, start time and shooting components to the overall and isolated biathlon pursuit race performance
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7489554/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32925963
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239057
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