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Comparison of Clinical Features of COVID-19 vs Seasonal Influenza A and B in US Children

IMPORTANCE: Compared with seasonal influenza, the clinical features and epidemiologic characteristics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) in US children remain largely unknown. OBJECTIVE: To describe the similarities and differences in clin...

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Autores principales: Song, Xiaoyan, Delaney, Meghan, Shah, Rahul K., Campos, Joseph M., Wessel, David L., DeBiasi, Roberta L.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Medical Association 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7489826/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32897374
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.20495
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author Song, Xiaoyan
Delaney, Meghan
Shah, Rahul K.
Campos, Joseph M.
Wessel, David L.
DeBiasi, Roberta L.
author_facet Song, Xiaoyan
Delaney, Meghan
Shah, Rahul K.
Campos, Joseph M.
Wessel, David L.
DeBiasi, Roberta L.
author_sort Song, Xiaoyan
collection PubMed
description IMPORTANCE: Compared with seasonal influenza, the clinical features and epidemiologic characteristics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) in US children remain largely unknown. OBJECTIVE: To describe the similarities and differences in clinical features between COVID-19 and seasonal influenza in US children. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This retrospective cohort study included children who were diagnosed with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 between March 25 and May 15, 2020, and children diagnosed with seasonal influenza between October 1, 2019, and June 6, 2020, at Children’s National Hospital in the District of Columbia. EXPOSURES: COVID-19 or influenza A or B. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Rates of hospitalization, admission to the intensive care unit, and mechanical ventilator use and the association between underlying medical conditions, clinical symptoms, and COVID-19 vs seasonal influenza. RESULTS: The study included 315 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 (164 [52%] male; median age, 8.3 years [range, 0.03-35.6 years]) and 1402 patients diagnosed with seasonal influenza (743 [53%] male; median age, 3.9 years [range, 0.04-40.4 years]). Patients with COVID-19 and those with seasonal influenza had a similar hospitalization rate (54 [17%] vs 291 [21%], P = .15), intensive care unit admission rate (18 [6%] vs 98 [7%], P = .42), and use of mechanical ventilators (10 [3%] vs 27 [2%], P = .17). More patients hospitalized with COVID-19 than with seasonal influenza reported fever (41 [76%] vs 159 [55%], P = .005), diarrhea or vomiting (14 [26%] vs 36 [12%], P = .01), headache (6 [11%] vs 9 [3%], P = .01), body ache or myalgia (12 [22%] vs 20 [7%], P = .001), and chest pain (6 [11%] vs 9 [3%], P = .01). Differences between patients hospitalized with COVID-19 vs influenza who reported cough (24 [48%] vs 90 [31%], P = .05) and shortness of breath (16 [30%] vs 59 [20%], P = .13) were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this cohort study of US children with COVID-19 or seasonal influenza, there was no difference in hospitalization rates, intensive care unit admission rates, and mechanical ventilator use between the 2 groups. More patients hospitalized with COVID-19 than with seasonal influenza reported clinical symptoms at the time of diagnosis.
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spelling pubmed-74898262020-09-25 Comparison of Clinical Features of COVID-19 vs Seasonal Influenza A and B in US Children Song, Xiaoyan Delaney, Meghan Shah, Rahul K. Campos, Joseph M. Wessel, David L. DeBiasi, Roberta L. JAMA Netw Open Original Investigation IMPORTANCE: Compared with seasonal influenza, the clinical features and epidemiologic characteristics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) in US children remain largely unknown. OBJECTIVE: To describe the similarities and differences in clinical features between COVID-19 and seasonal influenza in US children. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This retrospective cohort study included children who were diagnosed with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 between March 25 and May 15, 2020, and children diagnosed with seasonal influenza between October 1, 2019, and June 6, 2020, at Children’s National Hospital in the District of Columbia. EXPOSURES: COVID-19 or influenza A or B. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Rates of hospitalization, admission to the intensive care unit, and mechanical ventilator use and the association between underlying medical conditions, clinical symptoms, and COVID-19 vs seasonal influenza. RESULTS: The study included 315 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 (164 [52%] male; median age, 8.3 years [range, 0.03-35.6 years]) and 1402 patients diagnosed with seasonal influenza (743 [53%] male; median age, 3.9 years [range, 0.04-40.4 years]). Patients with COVID-19 and those with seasonal influenza had a similar hospitalization rate (54 [17%] vs 291 [21%], P = .15), intensive care unit admission rate (18 [6%] vs 98 [7%], P = .42), and use of mechanical ventilators (10 [3%] vs 27 [2%], P = .17). More patients hospitalized with COVID-19 than with seasonal influenza reported fever (41 [76%] vs 159 [55%], P = .005), diarrhea or vomiting (14 [26%] vs 36 [12%], P = .01), headache (6 [11%] vs 9 [3%], P = .01), body ache or myalgia (12 [22%] vs 20 [7%], P = .001), and chest pain (6 [11%] vs 9 [3%], P = .01). Differences between patients hospitalized with COVID-19 vs influenza who reported cough (24 [48%] vs 90 [31%], P = .05) and shortness of breath (16 [30%] vs 59 [20%], P = .13) were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this cohort study of US children with COVID-19 or seasonal influenza, there was no difference in hospitalization rates, intensive care unit admission rates, and mechanical ventilator use between the 2 groups. More patients hospitalized with COVID-19 than with seasonal influenza reported clinical symptoms at the time of diagnosis. American Medical Association 2020-09-08 /pmc/articles/PMC7489826/ /pubmed/32897374 http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.20495 Text en Copyright 2020 Song X et al. JAMA Network Open. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the CC-BY License.
spellingShingle Original Investigation
Song, Xiaoyan
Delaney, Meghan
Shah, Rahul K.
Campos, Joseph M.
Wessel, David L.
DeBiasi, Roberta L.
Comparison of Clinical Features of COVID-19 vs Seasonal Influenza A and B in US Children
title Comparison of Clinical Features of COVID-19 vs Seasonal Influenza A and B in US Children
title_full Comparison of Clinical Features of COVID-19 vs Seasonal Influenza A and B in US Children
title_fullStr Comparison of Clinical Features of COVID-19 vs Seasonal Influenza A and B in US Children
title_full_unstemmed Comparison of Clinical Features of COVID-19 vs Seasonal Influenza A and B in US Children
title_short Comparison of Clinical Features of COVID-19 vs Seasonal Influenza A and B in US Children
title_sort comparison of clinical features of covid-19 vs seasonal influenza a and b in us children
topic Original Investigation
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7489826/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32897374
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.20495
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