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Role of IFN and Complements System: Innate Immunity in SARS-CoV-2

The critical role of the innate immune system has been confirmed in driving local and systemic inflammation and the cytokine release storm in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This dysregulated immune response is focused on interferon (IFN) and complement activation, whic...

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Autores principales: Shibabaw, Tewodros, Molla, Meseret Derbew, Teferi, Banchamlak, Ayelign, Birhanu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Dove 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7490109/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32982366
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/JIR.S267280
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author Shibabaw, Tewodros
Molla, Meseret Derbew
Teferi, Banchamlak
Ayelign, Birhanu
author_facet Shibabaw, Tewodros
Molla, Meseret Derbew
Teferi, Banchamlak
Ayelign, Birhanu
author_sort Shibabaw, Tewodros
collection PubMed
description The critical role of the innate immune system has been confirmed in driving local and systemic inflammation and the cytokine release storm in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This dysregulated immune response is focused on interferon (IFN) and complement activation, which are crucial for the development of metabolic inflammation, local lung tissue damage, and systemic multi-organ failure. IFNs control viral infections by inducing expression of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) that restrict distinct steps of viral replication. Therefore, in this review article, we propose the mechanism of SARS-CoV-2-associated acute respiratory disease syndrome, and assess treatment options by considering IFNs and by targeting IFN-antagonist SARS-CoV-2 virulent gene products. Furthermore, we elaborate on the mechanism of the amplified complement-mediated inflammatory cytokine storm, and propose an antiviral and immunotherapeutic strategy against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
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spelling pubmed-74901092020-09-24 Role of IFN and Complements System: Innate Immunity in SARS-CoV-2 Shibabaw, Tewodros Molla, Meseret Derbew Teferi, Banchamlak Ayelign, Birhanu J Inflamm Res Review The critical role of the innate immune system has been confirmed in driving local and systemic inflammation and the cytokine release storm in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This dysregulated immune response is focused on interferon (IFN) and complement activation, which are crucial for the development of metabolic inflammation, local lung tissue damage, and systemic multi-organ failure. IFNs control viral infections by inducing expression of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) that restrict distinct steps of viral replication. Therefore, in this review article, we propose the mechanism of SARS-CoV-2-associated acute respiratory disease syndrome, and assess treatment options by considering IFNs and by targeting IFN-antagonist SARS-CoV-2 virulent gene products. Furthermore, we elaborate on the mechanism of the amplified complement-mediated inflammatory cytokine storm, and propose an antiviral and immunotherapeutic strategy against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Dove 2020-09-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7490109/ /pubmed/32982366 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/JIR.S267280 Text en © 2020 Shibabaw et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php).
spellingShingle Review
Shibabaw, Tewodros
Molla, Meseret Derbew
Teferi, Banchamlak
Ayelign, Birhanu
Role of IFN and Complements System: Innate Immunity in SARS-CoV-2
title Role of IFN and Complements System: Innate Immunity in SARS-CoV-2
title_full Role of IFN and Complements System: Innate Immunity in SARS-CoV-2
title_fullStr Role of IFN and Complements System: Innate Immunity in SARS-CoV-2
title_full_unstemmed Role of IFN and Complements System: Innate Immunity in SARS-CoV-2
title_short Role of IFN and Complements System: Innate Immunity in SARS-CoV-2
title_sort role of ifn and complements system: innate immunity in sars-cov-2
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7490109/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32982366
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/JIR.S267280
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