Contributing Factors for Underutilization of Inhaled Corticosteroids Among Asthmatic Patients Attending at Adama Hospital Medical College, Adama, Ethiopia

INTRODUCTION: Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) are a cornerstone medicine for preventive therapy of persistent severe asthma. Although ICs are very effective for the treatment of severe persistent asthma, the majority of the prescribers worldwide aren’t aware of ICs use for the treatment of severe persistent asthma. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate factors contributing to underutilization of ICS by asthmatic patients. METHODS: Patient interview was conducted among asthmatic patients using a cross-sectional study design who were attending at the Adama Hospital Medical College from March 1 to July 25, 2017. The total number of patients involved in the study was 94. Semi-structured questionnaire through patient interview was used for data collection and data from physicians who were working at the chest clinic of AHMC were collected by self-administered semi-structured questionnaire focusing their perspectives and experiences on patients’ ICS. RESULTS: Generally 73.5% of underutilization of ICS was reported from the total number of patients involved in the study according to the patient’s perception. Monthly income, comorbid disease, and behaviors of ICS use were the main factors contributing to underutilization of ICS. According to patient’s report, some of the reasons for underutilization of ICS were unaffordability, using the drugs only when symptoms appear, inaccessibility, side effects and recommendation by physicians. There were also similar reports by the physicians working in the AHMC. CONCLUSION: In our study setting, prevalence of underutilization of ICS was high and the contributing factors were increased cost of ICS, inaccessibility of ICS, poor knowledge of the patients on asthma disease and ICS, bad attitude toward ICS, and lack of recently reviewed local guideline for asthma treatment. Thus, concerned experts need to take actions that guarantee accessibility of ICS at a reasonable price and increase awareness of patients about asthma disease and use of ICS.